@article{3117984,
    title = "Measurement of the atmospheric muon charge ratio at TeV energies with
the MINOS detector",
    author = "Adamson, P. and Andreopoulos, C. and Arms, K. E. and Armstrong, R. and and Auty, D. J. and Avvakumov, S. and Ayres, D. S. and Baller, B. and and Barish, B. and Barnes, Jr., P. D. and Barr, G. and Barrett, W. L. and and Beall, E. and Becker, B. R. and Belias, A. and Bergfeld, T. and and Bernstein, R. H. and Bhattacharya, D. and Bishai, M. and Blake, A. and and Bock, B. and Bock, G. J. and Boehm, J. and Boehnlein, D. J. and Bogert, and D. and Border, P. M. and Bower, C. and Buckley-Geer, E. and Bungau, C. and and Cabrera, A. and Chapman, J. D. and Cherdack, D. and Childress, S. and and Choudhary, B. C. and Cobb, J. H. and Culling, A. J. and de Jong, J. and K. and De Santo, A. and Dierckxsens, M. and Diwan, M. V. and Dorman, M. and and Drakoulakos, D. and Durkin, T. and Erwin, A. R. and Escobar, C. O. and and Evans, J. J. and Harris, E. Falk and Feldman, G. J. and Fields, T. and H. and Ford, R. and Frohne, M. V. and Gallagher, H. R. and Giurgiu, G. and A. and Godley, A. and Gogos, J. and Goodman, M. C. and Gouffon, P. and and Gran, R. and Grashorn, E. W. and Grossman, N. and Grzelak, K. and Habig, and A. and Harris, D. and Harris, P. G. and Hartnell, J. and Hartouni, E. P. and and Hatcher, R. and Heller, K. and Holin, A. and Howcroft, C. and Hylen, and J. and Indurthy, D. and Irwin, G. M. and Ishitsuka, M. and Jaffe, D. E. and and James, C. and Jenner, L. and Jensen, D. and Joffe-Minor, T. and and Kafka, T. and Kang, H. J. and Kasahara, S. M. S. and Kim, M. S. and and Koizumi, G. and Kopp, S. and Kordosky, M. and Koskinen, D. J. and and Kotelnikov, S. K. and Kreymer, A. and Kumaratunga, S. and Lang, K. and and Lebedev, A. and Lee, R. and Ling, J. and Liu, J. and Litchfield, P. J. and and Litchfield, R. P. and Lucas, P. and Mann, W. A. and Marchionni, A. and and Marino, A. D. and Marshak, M. L. and Marshall, J. S. and Mayer, N. and and McGowan, A. M. and Meier, J. R. and Merzon, G. I. and Messier, M. D. and and Michael, D. G. and Milburn, R. H. and Miller, J. L. and Miller, W. and H. and Mishra, S. R. and Mislivec, A. and Miyagawa, P. S. and Moore, C. and D. and Morfin, J. and Mualem, L. and Mufson, S. and Murgia, S. and and Musser, J. and Naples, D. and Nelson, J. K. and Newman, H. B. and and Nichol, R. J. and Nicholls, T. C. and Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P. and Oliver, W. and P. and Osiecki, T. and Ospanov, R. and Paley, J. and Paolone, V. and and Para, A. and Patzak, T. and Pavlovic, Z. and Pearce, G. F. and Peck, C. and W. and Peterson, E. A. and Petyt, D. A. and Ping, H. and Piteira, R. and and Pittam, R. and Plunkett, R. K. and Rahman, D. and Rameika, R. A. and and Raufer, T. M. and Rebel, B. and Reichenbacher, J. and Reyna, D. E. and and Rosenfeld, C. and Rubin, H. A. and Ruddick, K. and Ryabov, V. A. and and Saakyan, R. and Sanchez, M. C. and Saoulidou, N. and Schneps, J. and and Schreiner, P. and Semenov, V. K. and Seun, S. -M. and Shanahan, P. and and Smart, W. and Smirnitsky, V. and Smith, C. and Sousa, A. and Speakman, and B. and Stamoulis, P. and Symes, P. A. and Tagg, N. and Talaga, R. L. and and Tetteh-Lartey, E. and Thomas, J. and Thompson, J. and Thomson, M. A. and and Thron, J. L. and Tinti, G. and Trostin, I. and Tsarev, V. A. and and Tzanakos, G. and Urheim, J. and Vahle, P. and Velissaris, C. and and Verebryusov, V. and Viren, B. and Ward, C. P. and Ward, D. R. and and Watabe, M. and Weber, A. and Webb, R. C. and Wehmann, A. and West, N. and and White, C. and Wojcicki, S. G. and Wright, D. M. and Wu, Q. K. and and Yang, T. and Yumiceva, F. X. and Zheng, H. and Zois, M. and Zwaska, R. and and MINOS Collaboration",
    journal = "Physical Review D",
    year = "2007",
    volume = "76",
    number = "5",
    publisher = "AMER PHYSICAL SOC",
    issn = "2470-0010, 2470-0029",
    doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.76.052003",
    abstract = "The 5.4 kton MINOS far detector has been taking charge-separated cosmic
ray muon data since the beginning of August, 2003 at a depth of 2070
m.w.e. in the Soudan Underground Laboratory, Minnesota, USA. The data
with both forward and reversed magnetic field running configurations
were combined to minimize systematic errors in the determination of the
underground muon charge ratio. When averaged, two independent analyses
find the charge ratio underground to be N-mu(+)/N-mu(-)=1.374 +/-
0.004(stat)(-0.010)(+0.012)(sys). Using the map of the Soudan rock
overburden, the muon momenta as measured underground were projected to
the corresponding values at the surface in the energy range 1-7 TeV.
Within this range of energies at the surface, the MINOS data are
consistent with the charge ratio being energy independent at the 2
standard deviation level. When the MINOS results are compared with
measurements at lower energies, a clear rise in the charge ratio in the
energy range 0.3-1.0 TeV is apparent. A qualitative model shows that the
rise is consistent with an increasing contribution of kaon decays to the
muon charge ratio."
}