@article{3119189,
    title = "The impact of sleeping duration on atherosclerosis in the community: insights from the Corinthia study",
    author = "Oikonomou, E. and Theofilis, P. and Vogiatzi, G. and Lazaros, G. and Tsalamandris, S. and Mystakidi, V.C. and Goliopoulou, A. and Anastasiou, M. and Fountoulakis, P. and Chasikidis, C. and Christoforatou, E. and Tousoulis, D.",
    journal = "Sleep and Breathing",
    year = "2021",
    volume = "25",
    number = "4",
    pages = "1813-1819",
    publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH",
    issn = "1520-9512, 1522-1709",
    doi = "10.1007/s11325-020-02267-y",
    keywords = "antihypertensive agent;  antilipemic agent, adult;  aged;  anthropometry;  arterial pressure;  arterial wall thickness;  Article;  body mass;  cardiovascular risk factor;  carotid artery bifurcation;  carotid atherosclerosis;  carotid intima-media thickness;  community;  controlled study;  coronary artery disease;  cross-sectional study;  diabetes mellitus;  female;  heart ejection fraction;  human;  hypercholesterolemia;  hypertension;  internal carotid artery;  major clinical study;  male;  night sleep;  physical examination;  prevalence;  regression analysis;  self report;  sleep;  sleep time;  smoking;  test retest reliability;  atherosclerosis;  Greece;  middle aged;  physiology;  sleep;  time factor;  very elderly, Adult;  Aged;  Aged, 80 and over;  Atherosclerosis;  Carotid Intima-Media Thickness;  Cross-Sectional Studies;  Female;  Greece;  Humans;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Sleep;  Time Factors",
    abstract = "Purpose: Sleep is an essential physiologic process whose disturbances have been regarded as a risk factor in various pathophysiologic processes, including atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Although the negative influence of short sleep duration has been well-established, recent data suggest a possible harmful effect of prolonged sleeping pattern. Methods: In the setting of the Corinthia cross-sectional study, self-reported night sleep duration was recorded in 1752 apparently healthy individuals and was classified as normal sleep duration (NSD, 7–8 h), short sleep duration (SSD, 6–7 h), very short sleep duration (VSSD, < 6 h), and long sleep duration (LSD, > 8 h). Carotid duplex ultrasonography was performed in order to measure the mean and maximum carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) as a non-invasive marker of atherosclerosis. Results: Subjects with LSD and VSSD had significantly higher mean cIMT (VSSD: 1.02 ± 0.45 mm, SSD: 0.95 ± 0.35, NSD: 0.96 ± 0.38 mm, LSD: 1.07 ± 0.52 mm; p < 0.001) and maximum cIMT (VSSD: 1.39 ± 0.9 mm, SSD: 1.25 ± 0.71 mm, NSD: 1.23 ± 0.76 mm, LSD: 1.41 ± 0.93 mm). Following a regression analysis adjusting for known cardiovascular risk factors, individuals with LSD and VSSD had higher mean cIMT by 0.054 mm and 0.067 mm respectively compared to those with NSD. Conclusion: A balanced sleeping duration of 6–8 h is associated with decreased mean and maximum IMT while both very short sleep duration and long sleep duration are associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness, a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG."
}