@article{3121142,
    title = "Beneficial Effect of U-74389 G and Sildenafil in An Experimental Model of Flap Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Swine. Histological and Biochemical Evaluation of the Model",
    author = "Karamatsoukis, S.-L. and Trigka, E.-A. and Stasinopoulou, M. and Stavridou, A. and Zacharioudaki, A. and Tsarea, K. and Karamperi, M. and Pittaras, T. and Papadopoulos, O. and Patsouris, E. and Nikiteas, N. and Zografos, G.C. and Papalois, A.E.",
    journal = "Journal of Investigative Surgery",
    year = "2020",
    volume = "33",
    number = "5",
    pages = "391-403",
    publisher = "Taylor and Francis Ltd.",
    issn = "0894-1939, 1521-0553",
    doi = "10.1080/08941939.2018.1524527",
    keywords = "21 [4 [2,6 bis(1 pyrrolidinyl) 4 pyrimidinyl] 1 piperazinyl]pregna 1,4,9(11) triene 3,20 dione;  biochemical marker;  malonaldehyde;  sildenafil;  tumor necrosis factor;  21 [4 [2,6 bis(1 pyrrolidinyl) 4 pyrimidinyl] 1 piperazinyl]pregna 1,4,9(11) triene 3,20 dione;  antioxidant;  malonaldehyde;  pregnane derivative;  sildenafil;  tumor necrosis factor, animal experiment;  animal model;  animal tissue;  Article;  blood sampling;  controlled study;  drug potentiation;  edema;  histopathology;  Landrace pig;  latissimus dorsi flap;  latissimus dorsi muscle;  lymphocyte;  male;  neutrophil;  nonhuman;  porcine model;  priority journal;  reperfusion injury;  therapy effect;  tissues;  animal;  back muscle;  disease model;  drug effect;  human;  metabolism;  oxidative stress;  pathology;  pig;  reperfusion injury;  surgical flaps;  transplantation;  vascularization, Animals;  Antioxidants;  Disease Models, Animal;  Drug Synergism;  Humans;  Male;  Malondialdehyde;  Oxidative Stress;  Pregnatrienes;  Reperfusion Injury;  Sildenafil Citrate;  Superficial Back Muscles;  Surgical Flaps;  Swine;  Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha",
    abstract = "Purpose of the study: Tissue reconstruction after burns, tumor excisions, infections or injuries is a frequent surgical challenge to avoid Ischemia-reperfusion injury. Lazaroids and sildenafil, through their mechanisms of action, have been studied for their protective effects on various organs subjected to IRI. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of U-74389G and sildenafil in a swine model of ischemia and reperfusion injury of latissimus dorsi flap. Materials and methods: Forty-two Landrace male pigs, weighing 28–35 kg, were equally (n = 6) randomized into the following groups: (a) Group I: control, (b) Group II: administration of U-74389G after ischemia, (c) Group III: administration of sildenafil after ischemia, (d) Group IV: administration of U-74389G and sildenafil after ischemia, (e) Group V: administration of U-74389G prior to ischemia, (f) Group VI: administration of sildenafil prior to ischemia, and (g) Group VII: administration of U-74389G and sildenafil prior to ischemia. Blood and tissue sampling was conducted before ischemia, 15 and 30 min after occlusion, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after reperfusion. Results: Statistically significant reduction (p < 0.05) was detected in lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes concentrations as well as in the appearance of edema after histopathologic evaluation of the ischemic tissue, especially in the groups of combined treatment. Measurements of malondialdeyde and tumour necrosis factor alpha in tissues revealed a significant decrease (p < 0.001) of these markers in the treatment groups when compared to the control, particularly in the latest estimated timepoints. Conclusions: The synergistic action of U-74389G and sildenafil seems protective and promising in cases of flap IRI during tissue reconstruction surgery. © 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC."
}