@article{3121971,
    title = "Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome",
    author = "Dambala, K. and Paschou, S.A. and Michopoulos, A. and Siasos, G. and Goulis, D.G. and Vavilis, D. and Tarlatzis, B.C.",
    journal = "International Angiology",
    year = "2019",
    volume = "70",
    number = "9",
    pages = "797-801",
    publisher = "SAGE Publications Inc.",
    issn = "0392-9590",
    doi = "10.1177/0003319719840091",
    keywords = "adiponectin;  biological marker;  chorionic gonadotropin;  collagen type 10;  collagen type 4;  collagen type 5;  collagen type 7;  collagen type 9;  focal adhesion kinase;  follitropin;  gelatinase B;  hyaluronic acid;  interleukin 6;  luteinizing hormone;  nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase;  sex hormone binding globulin;  somatomedin;  tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1;  tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2;  tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3;  tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 4;  transforming growth factor beta1;  biological marker;  nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase;  vasculotropin A, angiogenesis;  apoptosis;  body mass;  cell proliferation;  cell survival;  cytokine release;  echography;  endothelial dysfunction;  endothelial progenitor cell;  extracellular matrix;  food intake;  glomerulus filtration rate;  glucose blood level;  hormonal regulation;  human;  in vitro fertilization;  oocyte development;  ovary polycystic disease;  pregnancy;  progesterone release;  protein expression;  protein phosphorylation;  Review;  tumor growth;  blood;  female;  metabolism;  ovary polycystic disease;  pathophysiology;  vascular disease;  vascular endothelium, Biomarkers;  Endothelium, Vascular;  Female;  Humans;  Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase;  Polycystic Ovary Syndrome;  Vascular Diseases;  Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A",
    abstract = "Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of childbearing age. The criteria required for the diagnosis identify various phenotypes, with different reproductive, metabolic, and cardiovascular (CV) risk characteristics. Emerging evidence links adipocyte-secreted hormones as candidates in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction in PCOS, independently of additional risk factors. The aim of this review was to collect, analyze, and qualitatively resynthesize evidence on biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (visfatin, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], matrix metalloproteinase 9 [MMP-9]) in women with PCOS. Women with PCOS exhibit (a) increased plasma visfatin concentrations compared with controls with a similar body mass index; (b) increased VEGF production along with chronic, mild inflammation; and (c) increased MMP-9 concentrations, which might be related to either excessive CV risk or abnormalities of ovarian extracellular matrix remodeling, multiple cyst formation, follicular atresia, and chronic anovulation. As PCOS has been associated with CV risk, early identification of endothelial dysfunction is clinically relevant. © The Author(s) 2019."
}