@article{3124753,
    title = "Attenuated microcirculatory response to maximal exercise in patients with chronic heart failure",
    author = "Tzanis, G. and Manetos, C. and Dimopoulos, S. and Vasileiadis, I. and Malliaras, K. and Kaldara, E. and Karatzanos, E. and Nanas, S.",
    journal = "Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention",
    year = "2016",
    volume = "36",
    number = "1",
    pages = "33-37",
    publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins",
    issn = "1932-7501",
    doi = "10.1097/HCR.0000000000000145",
    keywords = "adult;  Article;  blood vessel occlusion;  body mass;  cardiopulmonary exercise test;  clinical article;  controlled study;  endothelial dysfunction;  exercise;  female;  heart failure;  heart left ventricle ejection fraction;  human;  male;  microcirculation;  near infrared spectroscopy;  oxygen consumption;  oxygen saturation;  priority journal;  reperfusion;  tissue oxygenation;  aged;  blood;  case control study;  chronic disease;  exercise;  heart failure;  microcirculation;  middle aged;  pathophysiology;  physiology;  skeletal muscle;  vascular endothelium;  vascularization, oxygen, Aged;  Case-Control Studies;  Chronic Disease;  Endothelium, Vascular;  Exercise;  Female;  Heart Failure;  Humans;  Male;  Microcirculation;  Middle Aged;  Muscle, Skeletal;  Oxygen;  Oxygen Consumption;  Physical Exertion;  Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared",
    abstract = "PURPOSE: Exercise training programs improve microcirculatory alternations in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However less is known about the acute effect of maximum exercise on the skeletal muscle microcirculation. We aimed to assess the effect of acute exercise on peripheral microcirculation of patients with CHF, as assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy with vascular occlusion technique. METHODS: Tissue oxygenation was evaluated in 8 stable patients with CHF (7 males; mean age, 60) 9 years; body mass index, 26.3) 3.8 kg/m2 ) and 8 healthy subjects (matched for age, sex, and body mass index) before and after cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Tissue oxygen saturation (StO 2 ), StO 2peak , oxygen consumption rate, and endothelial function (reperfusion rate), before and after maximum exercise, were assessed. RESULTS: Patients with CHF had lower StO 2 and reperfusion rate compared with healthy subjects (71.4%) 9.8% vs 81.0%) 5.4% and 9) 1 %/min vs 13.9) 5.8%/min, respectively; P < .05) at rest. Oxygen consumption rate increased after exercise in patients with CHF and healthy subjects (from - 31.7) 8.2 to - 43.7) 12.7 and from - 35.7) 6.7 to - 42.4) 6.4, respectively; P < .05). StO2decreased significantly after maximal exercise in patients with CHF (from 71.4) 9.8 to 65.2) 12.7; P < .05), whereas it returned to the preexercise values in healthy subjects (from 81.0) 5.4 to 80.3) 7.0). There was a significant between-group difference ( P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CHF present microcirculatory alternations. Acute exercise exerts an effect on microcirculation in peripheral, nonexercising muscles, with altered response in patients with CHF compared with healthy subjects. Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc."
}