@article{3124832,
    title = "Multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease: the two faces of neurodegeneration. Report of the first Greek case and review of the literature",
    author = "Bougea, A. and Kapaki, E. and Paraskevas, G.P. and Kilidireas, K. and Andreadou, E.",
    journal = "Neurological Sciences",
    year = "2015",
    volume = "36",
    number = "12",
    pages = "2281-2285",
    publisher = "Springer-Verlag Italia s.r.l.",
    issn = "1590-1874, 1590-3478",
    doi = "10.1007/s10072-015-2308-9",
    keywords = "alpha synuclein;  dopamine transporter;  immunoglobulin G;  ioflupane i 123;  levodopa;  oligoclonal band;  alpha synuclein, adult;  Article;  brain atrophy;  brain damage;  case report;  cerebrospinal fluid;  clonus;  demyelination;  drug dose titration;  enzyme linked immunosorbent assay;  Expanded Disability Status Scale;  female;  Greece;  human;  middle aged;  Mini Mental State Examination;  motor dysfunction;  multiple sclerosis;  neuroimaging;  nuclear magnetic resonance imaging;  Parkinson disease;  parkinsonism;  putamen;  rigidity;  spasticity;  thalamus;  Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale;  weakness;  white matter lesion;  brain;  complication;  differential diagnosis;  multiple sclerosis;  Parkinson disease;  Parkinsonian Disorders;  pathology;  treatment outcome, alpha-Synuclein;  Brain;  Diagnosis, Differential;  Female;  Humans;  Middle Aged;  Multiple Sclerosis;  Parkinson Disease;  Parkinsonian Disorders;  Treatment Outcome",
    abstract = "There is still an open debate whether multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions can cause parkinsonian symptoms, or the coexistence of both diseases in the same patient is accidental. Moreover, α-synuclein (α Syn), the hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD) seems also to play a crucial role in MS. So far, 42 cases of co-occurrence of parkinsonism and MS have been reported, but CSF α Syn measurement is lacking. To our knowledge, we report the first case with concomitant MS and PD diagnosis based on both clinico-radiological and CSF α Syn findings and review of literature. © 2015, Springer-Verlag Italia."
}