@article{3128346,
    title = "Continuation of smoking after treatment of laryngeal cancer: An independent prognostic factor?",
    author = "Kikidis, D. and Vlastarakos, P.V. and Manolopoulos, L. and Yiotakis, I.",
    journal = "ORL",
    year = "2013",
    volume = "74",
    number = "5",
    pages = "250-254",
    issn = "0301-1569, 1423-0275",
    doi = "10.1159/000342685",
    keywords = "adult;  aged;  article;  cancer prognosis;  cancer recurrence;  cancer staging;  controlled study;  death;  female;  follow up;  human;  laryngectomy;  larynx cancer;  major clinical study;  male;  overall survival;  priority journal;  prospective study;  smoking;  smoking cessation;  survival rate, Adult;  Aged;  Carcinoma;  Female;  Follow-Up Studies;  Humans;  Laryngeal Neoplasms;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Neoplasm Recurrence, Local;  Prognosis;  Prospective Studies;  Risk Factors;  Smoking;  Smoking Cessation;  Survival Rate",
    abstract = "Aim: The aim of the study is to examine if continuation of smoking after treatment is an independent factor affecting the prognosis of laryngeal cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 153 patients met the inclusion criteria for this prospective study, and they were followed up for 12-60 months. Smoking cessation/continuation rates were recorded and associated with disease recurrence and overall patient survival. Results: The recurrence rate was 35.29%. Twenty-five percent of the patients continued smoking after treatment, 75% stopped. Of the patients who quit smoking, 28.69% died during the follow-up period, compared to 52.63% of those who continued (p = 0.0047). The respective recurrence rates were 28.7 and 55.26% (p = 0.0022). A stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis eliminated potential confounders regarding the overall survival rate and confirmed that time between symptom onset and diagnosis, T and N stage and continuation of smoking after treatment are statistically significant factors. Among them, continuation of smoking was found to have the strongest correlation to the overall survival rate. Conclusion: Continuation of smoking after treatment of laryngeal cancer is an independent negative prognostic factor. From a clinical standpoint, all patients with known laryngeal cancer should be strongly encouraged to quit smoking. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel."
}