@article{3128726,
    title = "Prognostic significance of phosphorylated STAT-1 expression in premenopausal and postmenopausal patients with invasive breast cancer",
    author = "Magkou, C. and Giannopoulou, I. and Theohari, I. and Fytou, A. and Rafailidis, P. and Nomikos, A. and Papadimitriou, C. and Nakopoulou, L.",
    journal = "Diagnostic Histopathology",
    year = "2012",
    volume = "60",
    number = "7",
    pages = "1125-1132",
    issn = "1756-2317",
    doi = "10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04143.x",
    keywords = "antiestrogen;  antineoplastic agent;  caspase 3;  estrogen receptor;  progesterone receptor;  protein kinase B;  STAT1 protein, adult;  aged;  apoptosis;  article;  breast carcinoma;  cancer chemotherapy;  cancer invasion;  cancer prognosis;  cancer radiotherapy;  cancer staging;  cancer surgery;  cytoplasm;  disease free survival;  female;  histopathology;  human;  human tissue;  immunohistochemistry;  invasive carcinoma;  lymph node dissection;  major clinical study;  overall survival;  phenotype;  postmenopause;  premenopause;  priority journal;  protein expression;  protein phosphorylation;  signal transduction, Adult;  Aged;  Aged, 80 and over;  Breast Neoplasms;  Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast;  Carcinoma, Lobular;  Caspase 3;  Disease-Free Survival;  Female;  Humans;  Immunohistochemistry;  Kaplan-Meier Estimate;  Middle Aged;  Neoplasm Invasiveness;  Phosphorylation;  Postmenopause;  Premenopause;  Prognosis;  Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt;  Receptors, Estrogen;  Receptors, Progesterone;  STAT1 Transcription Factor",
    abstract = "Aims: STAT-1 is the first member of the family of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). In breast cancer experimental models, an apoptotic and antiproliferative effect has been demonstrated. Our aim was to study the role of phosphorylated STAT-1 (pSTAT-1) in invasive breast carcinoma and its prognostic significance in premenopausal and postmenopausal patients. Methods and results: Immunohistochemistry was performed in 165 patients in order to detect the expression of pSTAT-1 and its correlation with oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), caspase-3, and pAkt. pSTAT-1 was immunodetected in the cytoplasm of the malignant cells (11.6%). In premenopausal patients, cytoplasmic pSTAT-1 was positively correlated with stage (P=0.014), ER (P=0.008), caspase-3 (P=0.029), and pAkt (P=0.045). Univariate analysis showed that cytoplasmic pSTAT-1 was associated with poor overall survival (P=0.042) and the phenotype of pSTAT-1/ER or PR coexpression with shorter disease-free survival (P=0.012). In contrast, in postmenopausal patients, no association with clinicopathological parameters and survival was observed, except for the relationship of pSTAT-1/ER or PR coexpression with longer disease-free survival (P=0.034). Conclusions: This is the first study examining the role of pSTAT-1 in premenopausal and postmenopausal women with invasive breast cancer. Our results suggest that pSTAT-1 is related to tumour progression in premenopausal patients through the advanced stage and worse survival. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd."
}