@article{3130201,
    title = "HIV/HBV co-infection and rate of antiretroviral treatment change after highly active antiretroviral treatment initiation in a cohort of HIV-infected patients in Greece",
    author = "Nikolopoulos, G.K. and Paraskevis, D. and Hatzitheodorou, E. and Moschidis, Z. and Sypsa, V. and Zavitsanos, X. and Kalapothaki, V. and Hatzakis, A.",
    journal = "International Journal of STD and AIDS",
    year = "2010",
    volume = "21",
    number = "10",
    pages = "702-707",
    doi = "10.1258/ijsa.2010.010112",
    keywords = "antiretrovirus agent;  hepatitis B surface antigen;  nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor;  proteinase inhibitor, acquired immune deficiency syndrome;  adult;  article;  blood transfusion;  CD4 lymphocyte count;  cohort analysis;  comorbidity;  female;  Greece;  hemophilia;  hepatitis B;  heterosexuality;  highly active antiretroviral therapy;  human;  Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient;  Human immunodeficiency virus infection;  intravenous drug abuse;  major clinical study;  male;  male homosexual;  multivariate analysis;  priority journal;  serology;  statistical model;  treatment outcome;  univariate analysis;  virus hepatitis;  virus load, Adult;  Anti-HIV Agents;  Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active;  Female;  Greece;  Hepatitis B;  HIV Infections;  Humans;  Male;  Retrospective Studies",
    abstract = "The current study investigated the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection on the rate of change of antiretroviral drugs after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). The data on 1425 HIV-positive patients with recorded serology for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were retrospectively analysed. The estimated rate of treatment change was slightly higher in the HBsAg-positive group (0.57 per year) compared with the HBsAg-negative group (0.50 per year). Although this difference was insignificant in multivariable modelling, the confidence intervals of the estimates barely included unity. Antiretroviral drug family, calendar period, prior exposure to antiretrovirals and the diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were independently associated with the number of drug alterations. A slight impact of co-infection on the frequency of treatment change after the beginning of HAART cannot be excluded. However, the paucity of studies on this issue necessitates the conduct of further research."
}