@article{3143211,
    title = "Optic nerve sonography: a new window for the non-invasive evaluation of
intracranial pressure in brain injury",
    author = "Soldatos, T. and Chatzimichail, K. and Papathanasiou, M. and Gouliamos, and A.",
    journal = "Emergency Medicine Journal",
    year = "2009",
    volume = "26",
    number = "9",
    pages = "630-634",
    publisher = "B M J PUBLISHING GROUP",
    issn = "1472-0205, 1472-0213",
    doi = "10.1136/emj.2008.058453",
    abstract = "Enlargement of the optic nerve sheath has been described in patients
with raised intracranial pressure (ICP), thereby serving as one of its
indicators. Optic nerve sonography offers rapid bedside assessment of
the optic nerve sheath diameter and has recently been introduced for the
noninvasive detection of raised ICP, particularly in patients with
severe brain injury. This review explains the pathophysiology of optic
nerve sheath enlargement as a result of intracranial hypertension,
describes the technique and clinical use of optic nerve sonography, and
summarises the studies which have tested this modality in the
non-invasive evaluation of ICP."
}