@article{3143780,
    title = "Dietary intake of the water-soluble vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12 and C in 10
countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and
Nutrition",
    author = "Olsen, A. and Halkjaer, J. and van Gils, C. H. and Buijsse, B. and and Verhagen, H. and Jenab, M. and Boutron-Ruault, M. C. and Ericson, U. and and Ocke, M. C. and Peeters, P. H. M. and Touvier, M. and Niravong, M. and and Waaseth, M. and Skeie, G. and Khaw, K. T. and Travis, R. and Ferrari, P. and and Sanchez, M. J. and Agudo, A. and Overvad, K. and Linseisen, J. and and Weikert, C. and Sacerdote, C. and Evangelista, A. and Zylis, D. and and Tsiotas, K. and Manjer, J. and van Guelpen, B. and Riboli, E. and and Slimani, N. and Bingham, S.",
    journal = "European Journal of Clinical Nutrition",
    year = "2009",
    volume = "63",
    number = "4",
    pages = "S122-S149",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    issn = "0954-3007, 1476-5640",
    doi = "10.1038/ejcn.2009.78",
    keywords = "water-soluble vitamins; 24-h dietary recall; standardization; ENDB;
EPIC; Europe",
    abstract = "Objectives: To describe the intake of vitamins thiamine (B1), riboflavin
(B2), B6 (pyridoxine), B12 (cobalamine) and C (ascorbic acid) and their
food sources among 27 centres in 10 countries participating in the
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
study.
Methods: Between 1995 and 2000, 36 034 persons aged between 35 and 74
years were administered a standardized 24-h dietary recall using a
computerized interview software programme (EPIC-SOFT). Intakes of the
four B vitamins and vitamin C were estimated using the standardized EPIC
Nutrient Database (ENDB). Mean intakes were adjusted for age and
weighted by season and day of recall.
Results: Intake of B vitamins did not vary considerably between centres,
except in the UK health-conscious cohort, in which substantially higher
intakes of thiamine and lower intakes of vitamin B12 were reported
compared with other centres. Overall, meat was the most important
contributor to the B vitamins in all centres except in the UK
health-conscious group. Vitamin C showed a clear geographical gradient,
with higher intakes in the southern centres as compared with the
northern ones; this was more pronounced in men than in women. Vegetables
and fruits were major contributors to vitamin C in all centres, but
juices and potatoes were also important sources in the northern centres.
Conclusions: This study showed no major differences across centres in
the mean intakes of B vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, B6, B12), whereas
a tendency towards a north-south gradient was observed for vitamin C.
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2009) 63, S122-S149; doi:
10.1038/ejcn.2009.78"
}