@article{3145325,
    title = "Alignment of the CMS silicon tracker during commissioning with cosmic
rays",
    author = "Chatrchyan, S. and Khachatryan, V. and Sirunyan, A. M. and Adam, W. and and Arnold, B. and Bergauer, H. and Bergauer, T. and Dragicevic, M. and and Eichberger, M. and Eroe, J. and Friedl, M. and Fruehwirth, R. and Ghete, and V. M. and Hammer, J. and Haensel, S. and Hoch, M. and Hoermann, N. and and Hrubec, J. and Jeitler, M. and Kasieczka, G. and Kastner, K. and and Krammer, M. and Liko, D. and de Abril, I. Magrans and Mikulec, I. and and Mittermayr, F. and Neuherz, B. and Oberegger, M. and Padrta, M. and and Pernicka, M. and Rohringer, H. and Schmid, S. and Schoefbeck, R. and and Schreiner, T. and Stark, R. and Steininger, H. and Strauss, J. and and Taurok, A. and Teischinger, F. and Themel, T. and Uhl, D. and Wagner, P. and and Waltenberger, W. and Walzel, G. and Widl, E. and Wulz, C. -E. and and Chekhovsky, V. and Dvornikov, O. and Emeliantchik, I. and Litomin, A. and and Makarenko, V. and Marfin, I. and Mossolov, V. and Shumeiko, N. and and Solin, A. and Stefanovitch, R. and Gonzalez, J. Suarez and Tikhonov, A. and and Fedorov, A. and Karneyeu, A. and Korzhik, M. and Panov, V. and and Zuyeuski, R. and Kuchinsky, P. and Beaumont, W. and Benucci, L. and and Cardaci, M. and De Wolf, E. 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    journal = "Journal of Instrumentation",
    year = "2010",
    volume = "5",
    publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd",
    issn = "1748-0221",
    doi = "10.1088/1748-0221/5/03/T03009",
    keywords = "Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Particle
tracking detectors (Solid-state detectors)",
    abstract = "The CMS silicon tracker, consisting of 1440 silicon pixel and 15 148
silicon strip detector modules, has been aligned using more than three
million cosmic ray charged particles, with additional information from
optical surveys. The positions of the modules were determined with
respect to cosmic ray trajectories to an average precision of 3-4
microns RMS in the barrel and 3-14 microns RMS in the endcap in the most
sensitive coordinate. The results have been validated by several
studies, including laser beam cross-checks, track fit self-consistency,
track residuals in overlapping module regions, and track parameter
resolution, and are compared with predictions obtained from simulation.
Correlated systematic effects have been investigated. The track
parameter resolutions obtained with this alignment are close to the
design performance."
}