@article{3146813,
    title = "Exclusion of an Exotic Top Quark with-4/3 Electric Charge Using Soft
Lepton Tagging",
    author = "Aaltonen, T. and Adelman, J. and Gonzalez, B. Alvarez and Amerio, S. and and Amidei, D. and Anastassov, A. and Annovi, A. and Antos, J. and and Apollinari, G. and Appel, J. and Apresyan, A. and Arisawa, T. and and Artikov, A. and Asaadi, J. and Ashmanskas, W. and Attal, A. and and Aurisano, A. and Azfar, F. and Badgett, W. and Barbaro-Galtieri, A. and and Barnes, V. E. and Barnett, B. A. and Barria, P. and Bartos, P. and and Bauer, G. and Beauchemin, P. -H. and Bedeschi, F. and Beecher, D. and and Behari, S. and Bellettini, G. and Bellinger, J. and Benjamin, D. and and Beretvas, A. and Bhatti, A. and Binkley, M. and Bisello, D. and Bizjak, and I. and Blair, R. E. and Blocker, C. and Blumenfeld, B. and Bocci, A. and and Bodek, A. and Boisvert, V. and Bortoletto, D. and Boudreau, J. and and Boveia, A. and Brau, B. and Bridgeman, A. and Brigliadori, L. and and Bromberg, C. and Brubaker, E. and Budagov, J. and Budd, H. S. and Budd, and S. and Burkett, K. and Busetto, G. and Bussey, P. and Buzatu, A. and and Byrum, K. L. and Cabrera, S. and Calancha, C. and Camarda, S. and and Campanelli, M. and Campbell, M. and Canelli, F. and Canepa, A. and and Carls, B. and Carlsmith, D. and Carosi, R. and Carrillo, S. and Carron, and S. and Casal, B. and Casarsa, M. and Castro, A. and Catastini, P. and and Cauz, D. and Cavaliere, V. and Cavalli-Sforza, M. and Cerri, A. and and Cerrito, L. and Chang, S. H. and Chen, Y. C. and Chertok, M. and and Chiarelli, G. and Chlachidze, G. and Chlebana, F. and Cho, K. and and Chokheli, D. and Chou, J. P. and Chung, K. and Chung, W. H. and Chung, and Y. S. and Chwalek, T. and Ciobanu, C. I. and Ciocci, M. A. and Clark, A. and and Clark, D. and Compostella, G. and Convery, M. E. and Conway, J. and and Corbo, M. and Cordelli, M. and Cox, C. A. and Cox, D. J. and Crescioli, and F. and Almenar, C. Cuenca and Cuevas, J. and Culbertson, R. and Cully, and J. C. and Dagenhart, D. and d'Ascenzo, N. and Datta, M. and Davies, T. and and de Barbaro, P. and De Cecco, S. and Deisher, A. and De Lorenzo, G. and and Dell'Orso, M. and Deluca, C. and Demortier, L. and Deng, J. and and Deninno, M. and d'Errico, M. and Di Canto, A. and Di Ruzza, B. and and Dittmann, J. R. and D'Onofrio, M. and Donati, S. and Dong, P. and and Dorigo, T. and Dube, S. and Ebina, K. and Elagin, A. and Erbacher, R. and and Errede, D. and Errede, S. and Ershaidat, N. and Eusebi, R. and Fang, and H. C. and Farrington, S. and Fedorko, W. T. and Feild, R. G. and Feindt, and M. and Fernandez, J. P. and Ferrazza, C. and Field, R. and Flanagan, G. and and Forrest, R. and Frank, M. J. and Franklin, M. and Freeman, J. C. and and Furic, I. and Gallinaro, M. and Galyardt, J. and Garberson, F. and and Garcia, J. E. and Garfinkel, A. F. and Garosi, P. and Gerberich, H. and and Gerdes, D. and Gessler, A. and Giagu, S. and Giakoumopoulou, V. and and Giannetti, P. and Gibson, K. and Gimmell, J. L. and Ginsburg, C. M. and and Giokaris, N. and Giordani, M. and Giromini, P. and Giunta, M. and and Giurgiu, G. and Glagolev, V. and Glenzinski, D. and Gold, M. and and Goldschmidt, N. and Golossanov, A. and Gomez, G. and Gomez-Ceballos, G. and and Goncharov, M. and Gonzalez, O. and Gorelov, I. and Goshaw, A. T. and and Goulianos, K. and Gresele, A. and Grinstein, S. and Grosso-Pilcher, C. and and Group, R. C. and Grundler, U. and da Costa, J. Guimaraes and and Gunay-Unalan, Z. and Haber, C. and Hahn, S. R. and Halkiadakis, E. and and Han, B. -Y. and Han, J. Y. and Happacher, F. and Hara, K. and Hare, D. and and Hare, M. and Harr, R. F. and Hartz, M. and Hatakeyama, K. and Hays, and C. and Heck, M. and Heinrich, J. and Herndon, M. and Heuser, J. and and Hewamanage, S. and Hidas, D. and Hill, C. S. and Hirschbuehl, D. and and Hocker, A. and Hou, S. and Houlden, M. and Hsu, S. -C. and Hughes, R. E. and and Hurwitz, M. and Husemann, U. and Hussein, M. and Huston, J. and and Incandela, J. and Introzzi, G. and Iori, M. and Ivanov, A. and James, E. and and Jang, D. and Jayatilaka, B. and Jeon, E. J. and Jha, M. K. and and Jindariani, S. and Johnson, W. and Jones, M. and Joo, K. K. and Jun, S. and Y. and Jung, J. E. and Junk, T. R. and Kamon, T. and Kar, D. and and Karchin, P. E. and Kato, Y. and Kephart, R. and Ketchum, W. and Keung, and J. and Kietzman, B. and Khotilovich, V. and Kilminster, B. and Kim, D. and H. and Kim, H. S. and Kim, H. W. and Kim, J. E. and Kim, M. J. and Kim, and S. B. and Kim, S. H. and Kim, Y. K. and Kimura, N. and Kirsch, L. and and Klimenko, S. and Kondo, K. and Kong, D. J. and Konigsberg, J. and and Korytov, A. and Kotwal, A. V. and Kreps, M. and Kroll, J. and Krop, D. and and Krumnack, N. and Kruse, M. and Krutelyov, V. and Kuhr, T. and and Kulkarni, N. P. and Kurata, M. and Kwang, S. and Laasanen, A. T. and and Lami, S. and Lammel, S. and Lancaster, M. and Lander, R. L. and Lannon, and K. and Lath, A. and Latino, G. and Lazzizzera, I. and LeCompte, T. and and Lee, E. and Lee, H. S. and Lee, J. S. and Lee, S. W. and Leone, S. and and Lewis, J. D. and Lin, C. -J. and Linacre, J. and Lindgren, M. and and Lipeles, E. and Lister, A. and Litvintsev, D. O. and Liu, C. and Liu, T. and and Lockyer, N. S. and Loginov, A. and Lovas, L. and Lucchesi, D. and and Lueck, J. and Lujan, P. and Lukens, P. and Lungu, G. and Lys, J. and and Lysak, R. and MacQueen, D. and Madrak, R. and Maeshima, K. and Makhoul, and K. and Maksimovic, P. and Malde, S. and Malik, S. and Manca, G. and and Manousakis-Katsikakis, A. and Margaroli, F. and Marino, C. and Marino, and C. P. and Martin, A. and Martin, V. and Martinez, M. and and Martinez-Ballarin, R. and Mastrandrea, P. and Mathis, M. and Mattson, M. and E. and Mazzanti, P. and McFarland, K. S. and McIntyre, P. and McNulty, and R. and Mehta, A. and Mehtala, P. and Menzione, A. and Mesropian, C. and and Miao, T. and Mietlicki, D. and Miladinovic, N. and Miller, R. and Mills, and C. and Milnik, M. and Mitra, A. and Mitselmakher, G. and Miyake, H. and and Moed, S. and Moggi, N. and Mondragon, M. N. and Moon, C. S. and Moore, and R. and Morello, M. J. and Morlock, J. and Fernandez, P. Movilla and and Muelmenstaedt, J. and Mukherjee, A. and Muller, Th. and Murat, P. and and Mussini, M. and Nachtman, J. and Nagai, Y. and Naganoma, J. and and Nakamura, K. and Nakano, I. and Napier, A. and Nett, J. and Neu, C. and and Neubauer, M. S. and Neubauer, S. and Nielsen, J. and Nodulman, L. and and Norman, M. and Norniella, O. and Nurse, E. and Oakes, L. and Oh, S. H. and and Oh, Y. D. and Oksuzian, I. and Okusawa, T. and Orava, R. and and Osterberg, K. and Griso, S. Pagan and Pagliarone, C. and Palencia, E. and and Papadimitriou, V. and Papaikonomou, A. and Paramanov, A. A. and and Parks, B. and Pashapour, S. and Patrick, J. and Pauletta, G. and and Paulini, M. and Paus, C. and Peiffer, T. and Pellett, D. E. and Penzo, and A. and Phillips, T. J. and Piacentino, G. and Pianori, E. and Pinera, L. and and Pitts, K. and Plager, C. and Pondrom, L. and Potamianos, K. and and Poukhov, O. and Prokoshin, F. and Pronko, A. and Ptohos, F. and and Pueschel, E. and Punzi, G. and Pursley, J. and Rademacker, J. and and Rahaman, A. and Ramakrishnan, V. and Ranjan, N. and Redondo, I. and and Renton, P. and Renz, M. and Rescigno, M. and Richter, S. and Rimondi, F. and and Ristori, L. and Robson, A. and Rodrigo, T. and Rodriguez, T. and and Rogers, E. and Rolli, S. and Roser, R. and Rossi, M. and Rossin, R. and and Roy, P. and Ruiz, A. and Russ, J. and Rusu, V. and Rutherford, B. and and Saarikko, H. and Safonov, A. and Sakumoto, W. K. and Santi, L. and and Sartori, L. and Sato, K. and Saveliev, V. and Savoy-Navarro, A. and and Schlabach, P. and Schmidt, A. and Schmidt, E. E. and Schmidt, M. A. and and Schmidt, M. P. and Schmitt, M. and Schwarz, T. and Scodellaro, L. and and Scribano, A. and Scuri, F. and Sedov, A. and Seidel, S. and Seiya, Y. and and Semenov, A. and Sexton-Kennedy, L. and Sforza, F. and Sfyrla, A. and and Shalhout, S. Z. and Shears, T. and Shepard, P. F. and Shimojima, M. and and Shiraishi, S. and Shochet, M. and Shon, Y. and Shreyber, I. and and Simonenko, A. and Sinervo, P. and Sisakyan, A. and Slaughter, A. J. and and Slaunwhite, J. and Sliwa, K. and Smith, J. R. and Snider, F. D. and and Snihur, R. and Soha, A. and Somalwar, S. and Sorin, V. and Squillacioti, and P. and Stanitzki, M. and St Denis, R. and Stelzer, B. and and Stelzer-Chilton, O. and Stentz, D. and Strologas, J. and Strycker, G. L. and and Suh, J. S. and Sukhanov, A. and Suslov, I. and Taffard, A. and and Takashima, R. and Takeuchi, Y. and Tanaka, R. and Tang, J. and Tecchio, and M. and Teng, P. K. and Thom, J. and Thome, J. and Thompson, G. A. and and Thomson, E. and Tipton, P. and Ttito-Guzman, P. and Tkaczyk, S. and and Toback, D. and Tokar, S. and Tollefson, K. and Tomura, T. and Tonelli, and D. and Torre, S. and Torretta, D. and Totaro, P. and Trovato, M. and and Tsai, S. -Y. and Tu, Y. and Turini, N. and Ukegawa, F. and Uozumi, S. and and van Remortel, N. and Varganov, A. and Vataga, E. and Vazquez, F. and and Velev, G. and Vellidis, C. and Vidal, M. and Vila, I. and Vilar, R. and and Vogel, M. and Volobouev, I. and Volpi, G. and Wagner, P. and Wagner, R. and G. and Wagner, R. L. and Wagner, W. and Wagner-Kuhr, J. and Wakisaka, T. and and Wallny, R. and Wang, S. M. and Warburton, A. and Waters, D. and and Weinberger, M. and Weinelt, J. and Wester, III, W. C. and Whitehouse, B. and and Whiteson, D. and Wicklund, A. B. and Wicklund, E. and Wilbur, S. and and Williams, G. and Williams, H. H. and Wilson, P. and Winer, B. L. and and Wittich, P. and Wolbers, S. and Wolfe, C. and Wolfe, H. and Wright, T. and and Wu, X. and Wuerthwein, F. and Yagil, A. and Yamamoto, K. and and Yamaoka, J. and Yang, U. K. and Yang, Y. C. and Yao, W. M. and Yeh, G. and P. and Yi, K. and Yoh, J. and Yorita, K. and Yoshida, T. and Yu, G. B. and and Yu, I. and Yu, S. S. and Yun, J. C. and Zanetti, A. and Zeng, Y. and and Zhang, X. and Zheng, Y. and Zucchelli, S. and CDF Collaboration",
    journal = "Physical Review and Physical Review Letters Index",
    year = "2010",
    volume = "105",
    number = "10",
    publisher = "AMER PHYSICAL SOC",
    issn = "0094-0003",
    doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.101801",
    abstract = "We present a measurement of the electric charge of the top quark using p
(p) over bar collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2:
7 fb(-1) at the CDF II detector. We reconstruct t (t) over bar events in
the lepton + jets final state. We use soft lepton taggers to determine
the flavor of the b jets, which we use to reconstruct the top quark’s
electric charge and exclude an exotic top quark with -4/3 charge at 95%
confidence level. This is the strongest exclusion of the exotic charge
scenario and the first to use soft leptons for this purpose."
}