@article{3150187,
    title = "First Direct Observation of Muon Antineutrino Disappearance",
    author = "Adamson, P. and Andreopoulos, C. and Auty, D. J. and Ayres, D. S. and and Backhouse, C. and Barr, G. and Bishai, M. and Blake, A. and Bock, G. J. and and Boehnlein, D. J. and Bogert, D. and Cavanaugh, S. and Cherdack, D. and and Childress, S. and Choudhary, B. C. and Coelho, J. A. B. and Coleman, and S. J. and Corwin, L. and Cronin-Hennessy, D. and Danko, I. Z. and de and Jong, J. K. and Devenish, N. E. and Diwan, M. V. and Dorman, M. and and Escobar, C. O. and Evans, J. J. and Falk, E. and Feldman, G. J. and and Frohne, M. V. and Gallagher, H. R. and Gomes, R. A. and Goodman, M. C. and and Gouffon, P. and Graf, N. and Gran, R. and Grant, N. and Grzelak, K. and and Habig, A. and Harris, D. and Hartnell, J. and Hatcher, R. and and Himmel, A. and Holin, A. and Howcroft, C. and Huang, X. and Hylen, J. and and Ilic, J. and Irwin, G. M. and Isvan, Z. and Jaffe, D. E. and James, and C. and Jensen, D. and Kafka, T. and Kasahara, S. M. S. and Koizumi, G. and and Kopp, S. and Kordosky, M. and Kreymer, A. and Lang, K. and Lefeuvre, and G. and Ling, J. and Litchfield, P. J. and Loiacono, L. and Lucas, P. and and Mann, W. A. and Marshak, M. L. and Mayer, N. and McGowan, A. M. and and Mehdiyev, R. and Meier, J. R. and Messier, M. D. and Miller, W. H. and and Mishra, S. R. and Mitchell, J. and Moore, C. D. and Morfin, J. and and Mualem, L. and Mufson, S. and Musser, J. and Naples, D. and Nelson, J. and K. and Newman, H. B. and Nichol, R. J. and Nicholls, T. C. and Nowak, J. and A. and Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P. and Oliver, W. P. and Orchanian, M. and and Ospanov, R. and Paley, J. and Patterson, R. B. and Pawloski, G. and and Pearce, G. F. and Petyt, D. A. and Phan-Budd, S. and Plunkett, R. K. and and Qiu, X. and Ratchford, J. and Raufer, T. M. and Rebel, B. and Rodrigues, and P. A. and Rosenfeld, C. and Rubin, H. A. and Sanchez, M. C. and Schneps, and J. and Schreiner, P. and Shanahan, P. and Sousa, A. and Stamoulis, P. and and Strait, M. and Tagg, N. and Talaga, R. L. and Tetteh-Lartey, E. and and Thomas, J. and Thomson, M. A. and Tinti, G. and Toner, R. and Tzanakos, and G. and Urheim, J. and Vahle, P. and Viren, B. and Weber, A. and Webb, R. and C. and White, C. and Whitehead, L. and Wojcicki, S. G. and Yang, T. and and Zwaska, R. and MINOS Collaboration",
    journal = "Physical Review and Physical Review Letters Index",
    year = "2011",
    volume = "107",
    number = "1",
    publisher = "AMER PHYSICAL SOC",
    issn = "0094-0003",
    doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.021801",
    abstract = "This Letter reports the first direct observation of muon antineutrino
disappearance. The MINOS experiment has taken data with an accelerator
beam optimized for (nu) over bar (mu) production, accumulating an
exposure of 1.71 x 10(20) protons on target. In the Far Detector, 97
charged current (nu) over bar (mu) events are observed. The
no-oscillation hypothesis predicts 156 events and is excluded at 6.3
sigma. The best fit to oscillation yields vertical bar Delta(m) over bar
(2)vertical bar = [3.36(-0.40)(+0.46)(stat) +/- 0.06(sys)] x 10(-3)
eV(2), sin(2)(2 (theta) over bar) = 0.86(-0.12)(+0.11)(stat) +/-
0.01(syst). The MINOS nu(mu) and (nu) over bar (mu) measurements are
consistent at the 2.0% confidence level, assuming identical underlying
oscillation parameters."
}