@article{3155775,
    title = "Dietary Fibre Intake and Risks of Cancers of the Colon and Rectum in the
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)",
    author = "Murphy, Neil and Norat, Teresa and Ferrari, Pietro and Jenab, Mazda and and Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas and Skeie, Guri and Dahm, Christina C. and and Overvad, Kim and Olsen, Anja and Tjonneland, Anne and Clavel-Chapelon, and Francoise and Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine and Racine, Antoine and and Kaaks, Rudolf and Teucher, Birgit and Boeing, Heiner and Bergmann, and Manuela M. and Trichopoulou, Antonia and Trichopoulos, Dimitrios and and Lagiou, Pagona and Palli, Domenico and Pala, Valeria and Panico, and Salvatore and Tumino, Rosario and Vineis, Paolo and Siersema, Peter and and van Duijnhoven, Franzel and Peeters, Petra H. M. and Hjartaker, Anette and and Engeset, Dagrun and Gonzalez, Carlos A. and Sanchez, Maria-Jose and and Dorronsoro, Miren and Navarro, Carmen and Ardanaz, Eva and Quiros, Jose and R. and Sonestedt, Emily and Ericson, Ulrika and Nilsson, Lena and and Palmqvist, Richard and Khaw, Kay-Tee and Wareham, Nick and Key, Timothy and J. and Crowe, Francesca L. and Fedirko, Veronika and Wark, Petra A. and and Chuang, Shu-Chun and Riboli, Elio",
    journal = "PLOS ONE",
    year = "2012",
    volume = "7",
    number = "6",
    publisher = "Public Library of Science",
    doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0039361",
    abstract = "Background: Earlier analyses within the EPIC study showed that dietary
fibre intake was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk, but
results from some large cohort studies do not support this finding. We
explored whether the association remained after longer follow-up with a
near threefold increase in colorectal cancer cases, and if the
association varied by gender and tumour location.
Methodology/Principal Findings: After a mean follow-up of 11.0 years,
4,517 incident cases of colorectal cancer were documented. Total,
cereal, fruit, and vegetable fibre intakes were estimated from dietary
questionnaires at baseline. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence
intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models
stratified by age, sex, and centre, and adjusted for total energy
intake, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, education,
menopausal status, hormone replacement therapy, oral contraceptive use,
and intakes of alcohol, folate, red and processed meats, and calcium.
After multivariable adjustments, total dietary fibre was inversely
associated with colorectal cancer (HR per 10 g/day increase in fibre
0.87, 95% CI: 0.79-0.96). Similar linear associations were observed for
colon and rectal cancers. The association between total dietary fibre
and risk of colorectal cancer risk did not differ by age, sex, or
anthropometric, lifestyle, and dietary variables. Fibre from cereals and
fibre from fruit and vegetables were similarly associated with colon
cancer; but for rectal cancer, the inverse association was only evident
for fibre from cereals.
Conclusions/Significance: Our results strengthen the evidence for the
role of high dietary fibre intake in colorectal cancer prevention."
}