@article{3155912,
    title = "Is concordance with World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for
Cancer Research guidelines for cancer prevention related to subsequent
risk of cancer? Results from the EPIC study",
    author = "Romaguera, Dora and Vergnaud, Anne-Claire and Peeters, Petra H. and van and Gils, Carla H. and Chan, Doris S. M. and Ferrari, Pietro and Romieu, and Isabelle and Jenab, Mazda and Slimani, Nadia and Clavel-Chapelon, and Francoise and Fagherazzi, Guy and Perquier, Florence and Kaaks, Rudolf and and Teucher, Birgit and Boeing, Heiner and von Ruesten, Anne and and Tjonneland, Anne and Olsen, Anja and Dahm, Christina C. and Overvad, Kim and and Ramon Quiros, Jose and Gonzalez, Carlos A. and Jose Sanchez, Maria and and Navarro, Carmen and Barricarte, Aurelio and Dorronsoro, Miren and and Khaw, Kay-Tee and Wareham, Nicholas J. and Crowe, Francesca L. and Key, and Timothy J. and Trichopoulou, Antonia and Lagiou, Pagona and Bamia, and Christina and Masala, Giovanna and Vineis, Paolo and Tumino, Rosario and and Sieri, Sabina and Panico, Salvatore and May, Anne M. and and Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas and Buechner, Frederike L. and Wirfaelt, and Elisabet and Manjer, Jonas and Johansson, Ingegerd and Hallmans, Goeran and and Skeie, Guri and Benjaminsen Borch, Kristin and Parr, Christine L. and and Riboli, Elio and Norat, Teresa",
    journal = "AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION",
    year = "2012",
    volume = "96",
    number = "1",
    pages = "150-163",
    publisher = "Oxford University Press",
    issn = "0002-9165",
    doi = "10.3945/ajcn.111.031674",
    abstract = "Background: In 2007 the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the
American Institute of Cancer Research (AICR) issued 8 recommendations
(plus 2 special recommendations) on diet, physical activity, and weight
management for cancer prevention on the basis of the most comprehensive
collection of available evidence.
Objective: We aimed to investigate whether concordance with the
WCRF/AICR recommendations was related to cancer risk in the European
Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.
Design: The present study included 386,355 EPIC participants from 9
European countries. At recruitment, dietary, anthropometric, and
lifestyle information was collected. A score was constructed based on
the WCRF/AICR recommendations on weight management, physical activity,
foods and drinks that promote weight gain, plant foods, animal foods,
alcoholic drinks, and breastfeeding for women; the score range was 0-6
for men and 0-7 for women. Higher scores indicated greater concordance
with WCRF/AICR recommendations. The association between the score and
cancer risk was estimated by using multivariable Cox regression models.
Results: Concordance with the score was significantly associated with
decreased risk of cancer. A 1-point increment in the score was
associated with a risk reduction of 5% (95% Cl: 3%, 7%) for total
cancer, 12% (95% CI: 9%, 16%) for colorectal cancer, and 16% (95%
CI: 9%, 22%) for stomach cancer. Significant associations were also
observed for cancers of the breast, endometrium, lung, kidney, upper
aerodigestive tract, liver, and esophagus but not for prostate, ovarian,
pancreatic, and bladder cancers.
Conclusion: Adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations for cancer
prevention may lower the risk of developing most types of cancer. Am J
Clin Nutr 2012;96:150-63."
}