@article{3162395,
    title = "Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci",
    author = "Ripke, Stephan and Neale, Benjamin M. and Corvin, Aiden and Walters, and James T. R. and Farh, Kai-How and Holmans, Peter A. and Lee, Phil and and Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan and Collier, David A. and Huang, Hailiang and and Pers, Tune H. and Agartz, Ingrid and Agerbo, Esben and Albus, Margot and and Alexander, Madeline and Amin, Farooq and Bacanu, Silviu A. and Begemann, and Martin and Belliveau, Jr., Richard A. and Bene, Judit and Bergen, Sarah and E. and Bevilacqua, Elizabeth and Bigdeli, Tim B. and Black, Donald W. and and Bruggeman, Richard and Buccola, Nancy G. and Buckner, Randy L. and and Byerley, William and Cahn, Wiepke and Cai, Guiqing and Campion, and Dominique and Cantor, Rita M. and Carr, Vaughan J. and Carrera, Noa and and Catts, Stanley V. and Chambert, Kimberly D. and Chan, Raymond C. K. and and Chen, Ronald Y. L. and Chen, Eric Y. H. and Cheng, Wei and Cheung, Eric and F. C. and Chong, Siow Ann and Cloninger, C. Robert and Cohen, David and and Cohen, Nadine and Cormican, Paul and Craddock, Nick and Crowley, James and J. and Curtis, David and Davidson, Michael and Davis, Kenneth L. and and Degenhardt, Franziska and Del Favero, Jurgen and Demontis, Ditte and and Dikeos, Dimitris and Dinan, Timothy and Djurovic, Srdjan and Donohoe, and Gary and Drapeau, Elodie and Duan, Jubao and Dudbridge, Frank and and Durmishi, Naser and Eichhammer, Peter and Eriksson, Johan and and Escott-Price, Valentina and Essioux, Laurent and Fanous, Ayman H. and and Farrell, Martilias S. and Frank, Josef and Franke, Lude and Freedman, and Robert and Freimer, Nelson B. and Friedl, Marion and Friedman, Joseph I. and and Fromer, Menachem and Genovese, Giulio and Georgieva, Lyudmila and and Giegling, Ina and Giusti-Rodriguez, Paola and Godard, Stephanie and and Goldstein, Jacqueline I. and Golimbet, Vera and Gopal, Srihari and and Gratten, Jacob and de Haan, Lieuwe and Hammer, Christian and Hamshere, and Marian L. and Hansen, Mark and Hansen, Thomas and Haroutunian, Vahram and and Hartmann, Annette M. and Henskens, Frans A. and Herms, Stefan and and Hirschhorn, Joel N. and Hoffmann, Per and Hofman, Andrea and Hollegaard, and Mads V. and Hougaard, David M. and Ikeda, Masashi and Joa, Inge and and Julia, Antonio and Kahn, Rene S. and Kalaydjieva, Luba and and Karachanak-Yankova, Sena and Karjalainen, Juha and Kavanagh, David and and Keller, Matthew C. and Kennedy, James L. and Khrunin, Andrey and Kim, and Yunjung and Klovins, Janis and Knowles, James A. and Konte, Bettina and and Kucinskas, Vaidutis and Kucinskiene, Zita Ausrele and Kuzelova-Ptackova, and Hana and Kahler, Anna K. and Laurent, Claudine and Keong, Jimmy Lee Chee and and Lee, S. Hong and Legge, Sophie E. and Lerer, Bernard and Li, Miaoxin and and Li, Tao and Liang, Kung-Yee and Lieberman, Jeffrey and Limborska, and Svetlana and Loughland, Carmel M. and Lubinski, Jan and Lonnqvist, Jouko and and Macek, Jr., Milan and Magnusson, Patrik K. E. and Maher, Brion S. and and Maier, Wolfgang and Mallet, Jacques and Marsal, Sara and Mattheisen, and Manuel and Mattingsdal, Morten and McCarley, Robert W. and McDonald, and Colm and McIntosh, Andrew M. and Meier, Sandra and Meijer, Carin J. and and Melegh, Bela and Melle, Ingrid and Mesholam-Gately, Raquelle I. and and Metspalu, Andres and Michie, Patricia T. and Milani, Lili and Milanova, and Vihra and Mokrab, Younes and Morris, Derek W. and Mors, Ole and Murphy, and Kieran C. and Murray, Robin M. and Myin-Germeys, Inez and and Mueller-Myhsok, Bertram and Nelis, Mari and Nenadic, Igor and Nertney, and Deborah A. and Nestadt, Gerald and Nicodemus, Kristin K. and and Nikitina-Zake, Liene and Nisenbaum, Laura and Nordin, Annelie and and O'Callaghan, Eadbhard and O'Dushlaine, Colm and O'Neill, F. Anthony and and Oh, Sang-Yun and Olincy, Ann and Olsen, Line and Van Os, Jim and and Pantelis, Christos and Papadimitriou, George N. and Papiol, Sergi and and Parkhomenko, Elena and Pato, Michele T. and Paunio, Tiina and and Pejovic-Milovancevic, Milica and Perkins, Diana O. and Pietilainen, Olli and and Pimm, Jonathan and Pocklington, Andrew J. and Powell, John and and Price, Alkes and Pulver, Ann E. and Purcell, Shaun M. and Quested, Digby and and Rasmussen, Henrik B. and Reichenberg, Abraham and Reimers, Mark A. and and Richards, Alexander L. and Roffman, Joshua L. and Roussos, Panos and and Ruderfer, Douglas M. and Salomaa, Veikko and Sanders, Alan R. and and Schall, Ulrich and Schubert, Christian R. and Schulze, Thomas G. and and Schwab, Sibylle G. and Scolnick, Edward M. and Scott, Rodney J. and and Seidman, Larry J. and Shi, Jianxin and Sigurdsson, Engilbert and and Silagadze, Teimuraz and Silverman, Jeremy M. and Sim, Kang and and Slominsky, Petr and Smoller, Jordan W. and So, Hon-Cheong and Spencer, and Chris C. A. and Stahl, Eli A. and Stefansson, Hreinn and Steinberg, and Stacy and Stogmann, Elisabeth and Straub, Richard E. and Strengman, Eric and and Strohmaier, Jana and Stroup, T. Scott and Subramaniam, Mythily and and Suvisaari, Jaana and Svrakic, Dragan M. and Szatkiewicz, Jin P. and and Soderman, Erik and Thirumalai, Srinivas and Toncheva, Draga and Tosato, and Sarah and Veijola, Juha and Waddington, John and Walsh, Dermot and Wang, and Dai and Wang, Qiang and Webb, Bradley T. and Weiser, Mark and and Wildenauer, Dieter B. and Williams, Nigel M. and Williams, Stephanie and and Witt, Stephanie H. and Wolen, Aaron R. and Wong, Emily H. M. and and Wormley, Brandon K. and Xi, Hualin Simon and Zai, Clement C. and Zheng, and Xuebin and Zimprich, Fritz and Wray, Naomi R. and Stefansson, Kari and and Visscher, Peter M. and Adolfsson, Rolf and Andreassen, Ole A. and and Blackwood, Douglas H. R. and Bramon, Elvira and Buxbaum, Joseph D. and and Borglum, Anders D. and Cichon, Sven and Darvasi, Ariel and Domenici, and Enrico and Ehrenreich, Hannelore and Esko, Tonu and Gejman, Pablo V. and and Gill, Michael and Gurling, Hugh and Hultman, Christina M. and Iwata, and Nakao and Jablensky, Assen V. and Jonsson, Erik G. and Kendler, Kenneth and S. and Kirov, George and Knight, Jo and Lencz, Todd and Levinson, and Douglas F. and Li, Qingqin S. and Liu, Jianjun and Malhotra, Anil K. and and McCarroll, Steven A. and McQuillin, Andrew and Moran, Jennifer L. and and Mortensen, Preben B. and Mowry, Bryan J. and Noethen, Markus M. and and Ophoff, Roel A. and Owen, Michael J. and Palotie, Aarno and Pato, Carlos and N. and Petryshen, Tracey L. and Posthuma, Danielle and Rietschel, and Marcella and Riley, Brien P. and Rujescu, Dan and Sham, Pak C. and and Sklar, Pamela and St Clair, David and Weinberger, Daniel R. and and Wendland, Jens R. and Werge, Thomas and Daly, Mark J. and Sullivan, and Patrick F. and O'Donovan, Michael C. and Psychiat Genomics Consortium and and Psychosis Endophenotypes Int Conso and Wellcome Trust Case-Control and Consor",
    journal = "Nature Metabolism",
    year = "2014",
    volume = "511",
    number = "7510",
    pages = "421+",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    doi = "10.1038/nature13595",
    abstract = "Schizophrenia is a highly heritable disorder. Genetic risk is conferred
by a large number of alleles, including common alleles of small effect
that might be detected by genome-wide association studies. Here we
report a multi-stage schizophrenia genome-wide association study of up
to 36,989 cases and 113,075 controls. We identify 128 independent
associations spanning 108 conservatively defined loci that meet
genome-wide significance, 83 of which have not been previously reported.
Associations were enriched among genes expressed in brain, providing
biological plausibility for the findings. Many findings have the
potential to provide entirely new insights into aetiology, but
associations at DRD2 and several genes involved in glutamatergic
neurotransmission highlight molecules of known and potential therapeutic
relevance to schizophrenia, and are consistent with leading
pathophysiological hypotheses. Independent of genes expressed in brain,
associations were enriched among genes expressed in tissues that have
important roles in immunity, providing support for the speculated link
between the immune system and schizophrenia."
}