@article{3162650,
    title = "Serum levels of retinol-binding protein-4 are associated with the
presence and severity of coronary artery disease",
    author = "Lambadiari, Vaia and Kadoglou, Nikolaos P. E. and Stasinos, Vassilios and and Maratou, Eirini and Antoniadis, Aias and Kolokathis, Fotios and and Parissis, John and Hatziagelaki, Erifili and Iliodromitis, Efstathios K. and and Dimitriadis, George",
    journal = "Cardiovascular Diabetology",
    year = "2014",
    volume = "13",
    publisher = "BMC",
    issn = "1475-2840",
    doi = "10.1186/s12933-014-0121-z",
    keywords = "Retinol-Binding Protein-4; Myocardial infarction; Coronary artery
disease; Adipokines",
    abstract = "Background: The interplay between the novel adipokine retinol-binding
protein-4 (RBP4) and coronary artery disease (CAD) is still obscure. We
investigated the relationship between RBP4 levels and the presence and
severity of angiographically proven CAD and determined its possible role
in acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Methods: 305 individuals with angiographically proven CAD
(CAD-patients), were classified into 2 subgroups: 1) acute myocardial
infarction (AMI, n = 141), and 2) stable angina (SA, n = 164).
Ninety-one age-and sex-matched individuals without CAD, but with at
least 2 classical cardiovascular risk factors, served as controls
(non-CAD group). RBP4 serum levels were measured at hospital admission
and were analyzed in relation to the coronary severity stenosis,
assessed by the Gensini-score and the number of coronary narrowed
vessels. Other clinical parameters, including insulin levels, HOMA-IR,
hsCRP, glycaemic and lipid profile, and left-ventricular ejection
fraction were also assessed.
Results: Serum RBP4 levels were significantly elevated in patients with
CAD compared to non-CAD patients (39.29 +/- 11.72 mg/L vs. 24.83 +/-
11.27 mg/L, p < 0.001). We did not observe a significant difference in
RBP4 levels between AMI and SA subgroups (p = 0.734). Logistic
regression analysis revealed an independent association of CAD presence
with serum RBP4 (beta = 0.163, p = 0.006), and hsCRP (beta = 0.122, p =
0.022) levels, in the whole study group. Among variables, hsCRP (beta =
0.220), HDL (beta = -0.150), and RBP4 (beta = 0.297), correlated in both
univariate and multivariate analysis with CAD severity (R-2 = 0.422, p <
0.001). Similarly, RBP4 concentrations increased with the number of
coronary narrowed vessels (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Patients with CAD, both SA and AMI, showed elevated RBP4
serum levels. Notably, increased RBP4 concentration seemed to
independently correlate with CAD severity, but no with AMI."
}