@article{3164800,
    title = "Elevated interleukin-10: A new cause of dyslipidemia leading to severe
HDL deficiency",
    author = "Moraitis, Andreas G. and Freeman, Lita A. and Shamburek, Robert D. and and Wesley, Robert and Wilson, Wyndham and Grant, Cliona M. and Price, Susan and and Demosky, Stephen and Thacker, Seth G. and Zarzour, Abdalrahman and and Hornung, Ronald L. and Pucino, Frank and Csako, Gyorgy and Yarboro, and Cheryl and McInnes, Iain B. and Kuroiwa, Takashi and Boumpas, Dimitrios and and Rao, V. Koneti and Illei, Gabor G. and Remaley, Alan T.",
    journal = "Journal of Clinical Lipidology",
    year = "2015",
    volume = "9",
    number = "1",
    pages = "81-90",
    publisher = "EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC",
    issn = "1933-2874",
    doi = "10.1016/j.jacl.2014.09.014",
    keywords = "“Disappearing HDL syndrome”; Severe HDL deficiency;
Hypertriglyceridemia; Dyslipidemia; B-cell lymphoma; Intravascular large
B-cell lymphoma; ALPS; Psoriasis; IL-10; LCAT",
    abstract = "BACKGROUND: Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a risk
factor for coronary artery disease. Investigating mechanisms underlying
acquired severe HDL deficiency in noncritically ill patients
(”disappearing EIDL syndrome”) could provide new insights into HDL
metabolism. OBJECTIVE: To determine the cause of low HDL-C in patients
with severe acquired HDL deficiency.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with intravascular large B-cell lymphoma
(n = 2), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n = 1), and autoimmune
lymphoproliferative syndrome (n = 1) presenting with markedly decreased
EIDL-C, low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and elevated
triglycerides were identified. The abnormal lipoprotein profile returned
to normal after therapy in all 4 patients. All patients were found to
have markedly elevated serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels that also
normalized after therapy. In a cohort of autoimmune lymphoproliferative
syndrome patients (n = 93), IL-10 showed a strong inverse correlation
with HDL-C (R-2 = 0.3720, P < .0001). A direct causal role for increased
serum IL-10 in inducing the observed changes in lipoproteins was
established in a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of
recombinant human IL-10 in psoriatic arthritis patients (n = 18). Within
a week of initiating subcutaneous recombinant human IL-10 injections,
HDL-C precipitously decreased to near-undetectable levels. LDL-C also
decreased by more than 50% (P < .0001) and triglycerides increased by
approximately 2-fold (P < .005). All values returned to baseline after
discontinuing IL-10 therapy.
CONCLUSION: Increased IL-10 causes severe HDL-C deficiency, low LDL-C,
and elevated triglycerides. IL-10 is thus a potent modulator of
lipoprotein levels, a potential new biomarker for B-cell disorders, and
a novel cause of disappearing HDL syndrome. Published by Elsevier Inc.
on behalf of National Lipid Association."
}