@article{3175046,
    title = "Percutaneous placement of the peripheral catheter to the subclavian vein
for a VA shunt",
    author = "Evangelos, Drosos and Dimitrios, Giakoumettis and Georgios, Sfakianos and and Nikolaos, Eleftherakis and Filippos, Papadopoulos and Marios, and Themistocleous",
    journal = "Pan African Medical Journal",
    year = "2017",
    volume = "27",
    publisher = "AFRICAN FIELD EPIDEMIOLOGY NETWORK-AFENET",
    doi = "10.11604/pamj.2017.27.42.11374",
    keywords = "Ventriculo-atrial shunt; hydrocephalus; percutaneous; subclavian vein",
    abstract = "Hydrocephalus is a common neurosurgical pathology that affects people of
all ages and especially the pediatric population. It can be very often a
life threatening condition that pediatric neurosurgeons must deal with.
Therefore a number of CSF diversion techniques have been established.
The gold standard treatment currently is the placement of a
ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. Because of hydrocephalus being a lifelong
condition, it is almost in daily practice dealing with cases of shunt
failures for a number of reasons. Herewith we present a 4 year old child
with multiple ventriculo-peritoneal shunt revision surgeries and
ventriculo-atrial failure due to distal catheter malfunction that was
treated with percutaneous placement of the peripheral catheter in the
subclavian vein."
}