@article{3176867,
    title = "Survival in adults and children with systemic lupus erythematosus: a
systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis of studies from 1950 to
2016",
    author = "Tektonidou, Maria G. and Lewandowski, Laura B. and Hu, Jinxian and and Dasgupta, Abhijit and Ward, Michael M.",
    journal = "Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases",
    year = "2017",
    volume = "76",
    number = "12",
    pages = "2009-2016",
    publisher = "BMJ Publishing Group",
    issn = "0003-4967, 1468-2060",
    doi = "10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211663",
    abstract = "Objective To determine trends in survival among adult and paediatric
patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) from 1950 to the
present.
Methods We performed a systematic literature review to identify all
published cohort studies on survival in patients with SLE. We used
Bayesian methods to derive pooled survival estimates separately for
adult and paediatric patients, as well as for studies from high-income
countries and low/middle-income countries. We pooled contemporaneous
studies to obtain trends in survival over time. We also examined trends
in major causes of death.
Results We identified 125 studies of adult patients and 51 studies of
paediatric patients. Among adults, survival improved gradually from the
1950s to the mid-1990s in both high-income and low/middle-income
countries, after which survival plateaued. In 2008-2016, the 5-year,
10-year and 15-year pooled survival estimates in adults from high-income
countries were 0.95, 0.89 and 0.82, and in low/middle-income countries
were 0.92, 0.85 and 0.79, respectively. Among children, in 2008-2016,
the 5-year and 10-year pooled survival estimates from high-income
countries were 0.99 and 0.97, while in low/middle-income countries were
0.85 and 0.79, respectively. The proportion of deaths due to SLE
decreased over time in studies of adults and among children from
high-income countries.
Conclusions After a period of major improvement, survival in SLE has
plateaued since the mid-1990s. In high-income countries, 5-year survival
exceeds 0.95 in both adults and children. In low/middle-income
countries, 5-year and 10-year survival was lower among children than
adults."
}