@article{3177115,
    title = "Smoking in public places in six European countries: Findings from the
EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Survey",
    author = "Fu, Marcela and Castellano, Yolanda and Tigova, Olena and Mons, Ute and and Agar, Thomas and Kyriakos, Christina N. and Trofor, Antigona C. and and Quah, Anne C. K. and Fong, Geoffrey T. and Przewozniak, Krzysztof and and Zatonski, Witold A. and Demjen, Tibor and Tountas, Yannis and Vardavas, and Constantine I. and Fernandez, Esteve and Glahn, Andrea and Nguyen, and Dominick and Nikitara, Katerina and Radu-Loghin, Cornel and Starchenko, and Polina and Tsatsakis, Aristidis and Girvalaki, Charis and Igoumenaki, and Chryssi and Papadakis, Sophia and Papathanasaki, Aikaterini and and Tzatzarakis, Manolis and Vardavas, Alexander I. and Becuwe, Nicolas and and Deaconu, Lavinia and Goudet, Sophie and Hanley, Christopher and Riviere, and Oscar and Kiss, Judit and Kovacs, Piroska A. and Nogueira, Sarah O. and and McNeill, Ann and East, Katherine and Hitchman, Sara C. and Kahnert, and Sarah and Behrakis, Panagiotis and Filippidis, Filippos T. and Gratziou, and Christina and Katsaounou, Paraskevi and Peleki, Theodosia and Petroulia, and Ioanna and Tzavara, Chara and Eremia, Marius and Lotrean, Lucia and and Mihaltan, Florin and Rohde, Gernot and Asano, Tamaki and Cichon, Claudia and and Far, Amy and Genton, Celine and Jessner, Melanie and Hedman, Linnea and and Janson, Christer and Lindberg, Ann and Maguire, Beth and Ravara, and Sofia and Vaccaro, Valerie and Ward, Brian and Willemsen, Marc and de and Vries, Hein and Hummel, Karin and Nagelhout, Gera E. and Herbec, and Aleksandra and Janik-Koncewicz, Kinga and Zatonski, Mateusz and Agar, and Thomas K. and Driezen, Pete and Gravely, Shannon and Thompson, Mary E. and and EUREST-PLUS Consortium",
    journal = "Tobacco Induced Diseases",
    year = "2018",
    volume = "16",
    number = "2",
    publisher = "EU EUROPEAN PUBLISHING",
    issn = "2070-7266, 1617-9625",
    doi = "10.18332/tid/104673",
    keywords = "smoking; smoke-free legislation; workplaces; leisure facilities;
hospitality venues",
    abstract = "INTRODUCTION Surveillance of tobacco consumption in public places is an
important measure to evaluate the impact of tobacco control
interventions over time. The objective of this study was to estimate the
prevalence of smoking as seen by smokers and their smoking behaviour in
public places, in six European countries.
METHODS We used baseline data of the International Tobacco Control Six
European countries (ITC 6E) Survey, part of the EUREST-PLUS Project,
conducted in 2016 in national representative samples of about 1000 adult
smokers aged 18 years and older in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland,
Romania and Spain. For each setting (workplaces, restaurants, bars/pubs
and discos) participants were asked whether they had seen someone
smoking during their last visit there and whether they too had smoked
there. We report the overall and by-country weighted prevalence of
seeing someone smoking and the smokers’ own smoking behaviour at each
setting. We also assess the relationship between seeing someone smoking
and smoking themselves at these settings.
RESULTS The prevalence of smoking as seen by smokers was 18.8% at
workplaces, with high variability among countries (from 4.7% in Hungary
to 40.8% in Greece). Among smokers visiting leisure facilities in the
last year, during their last visit 22.7% had seen someone smoking
inside restaurants and 12.2% had smoked themselves there, while for
bars/pubs the corresponding prevalences were 33.9% and 20.4%, and
inside discos 44.8% and 34.8%.
CONCLUSIONS Smoking is still prevalent at leisure facilities,
particularly at discos in Europe, with high variability among countries.
More extensive awareness campaigns and stricter enforcement are needed
to increase the compliance of smokefree regulations, especially in
leisure facilities."
}