@article{3196272,
    title = "Gaia Early Data Release 3 Summary of the contents and survey properties",
    author = "Brown, A. G. A. and Vallenari, A. and Prusti, T. and de Bruijne, J. H. and J. and Babusiaux, C. and Biermann, M. and Creevey, O. L. and Evans, D. and W. and Eyer, L. and Hutton, A. and Jansen, F. and Jordi, C. and Klioner, and S. A. and Lammers, U. and Lindegren, L. and Luri, X. and Mignard, F. and and Panem, C. and Pourbaix, D. and Randich, S. and Sartoretti, P. and and Soubiran, C. and Walton, N. A. and Arenou, F. and Bailer-Jones, C. A. L. and and Bastian, U. and Cropper, M. and Drimmel, R. and Katz, D. and and Lattanzi, M. G. and van Leeuwen, F. and Bakker, J. and Cacciari, C. and and Castaneda, J. and De Angeli, F. and Ducourant, C. and Fabricius, C. and and Fouesneau, M. and Fremat, Y. and Guerra, R. and Guerrier, A. and and Guiraud, J. and Jean-Antoine Piccolo, A. and Masana, E. and Messineo, R. and and Mowlavi, N. and Nicolas, C. and Nienartowicz, K. and Pailler, F. and and Panuzzo, P. and Riclet, F. and Roux, W. and Seabroke, G. M. and Sordo, and R. and Tanga, P. and Thevenin, F. and Gracia-Abril, G. and Portell, J. and and Teyssier, D. and Altmann, M. and Andrae, R. and Bellas-Velidis, I. and and Benson, K. and Berthier, J. and Blomme, R. and Brugaletta, E. and and Burgess, P. W. and Busso, G. and Carry, B. and Cellino, A. and Cheek, N. and and Clementini, G. and Damerdji, Y. and Davidson, M. and Delchambre, L. and and Dell'Oro, A. and Fernandez-Hernandez, J. and Galluccio, L. and and Garcia-Lario, P. and Garcia-Reinaldos, M. and Gonzalez-Nunez, J. and and Gosset, E. and Haigron, R. and Halbwachs, J. -L. and Hambly, N. C. and and Harrison, D. L. and Hatzidimitriou, D. and Heiter, U. and Hernandez, J. and and Hestroffer, D. and Hodgkin, S. T. and Holl, B. and Janssen, K. and and Jevardat de Fombelle, G. and Jordan, S. and Krone-Martins, A. and and Lanzafame, A. C. and Loeffler, W. and Lorca, A. and Manteiga, M. and and Marchal, O. and Marrese, P. M. and Moitinho, A. and Mora, A. and and Muinonen, K. and Osborne, P. and Pancino, E. and Pauwels, T. and Petit, and J. -M. and Recio-Blanco, A. and Richards, P. J. and Riello, M. and and Rimoldini, L. and Robin, A. C. and Roegiers, T. and Rybizki, J. and and Sarro, L. M. and Siopis, C. and Smith, M. and Sozzetti, A. and Ulla, A. and and Utrilla, E. and van Leeuwen, M. and van Reeven, W. and Abbas, U. and and Abreu Aramburu, A. and Accart, S. and Aerts, C. and Aguado, J. J. and and Ajaj, M. and Altavilla, G. and Alvarez, M. A. and Alvarez Cid-Fuentes, and J. and Alves, J. and Anderson, R. I. and Anglada Varela, E. and Antoja, and T. and Audard, M. and Baines, D. and Baker, S. G. and Balaguer-Nunez, L. and and Balbinot, E. and Balog, Z. and Barache, C. and Barbato, D. and and Barros, M. and Barstow, M. A. and Bartolome, S. and Bassilana, J. -L. and and Bauchet, N. and Baudesson-Stella, A. and Becciani, U. and and Bellazzini, M. and Bernet, M. and Bertone, S. and Bianchi, L. and and Blanco-Cuaresma, S. and Boch, T. and Bombrun, A. and Bossini, D. and and Bouquillon, S. and Bragaglia, A. and Bramante, L. and Breedt, E. and and Bressan, A. and Brouillet, N. and Bucciarelli, B. and Burlacu, A. and and Busonero, D. and Butkevich, A. G. and Buzzi, R. and Caffau, E. and and Cancelliere, R. and Canovas, H. and Cantat-Gaudin, T. and Carballo, R. and and Carlucci, T. and Carnerero, I, M. and Carrasco, J. M. and and Casamiquela, L. and Castellani, M. and Castro-Ginard, A. and Castro and Sampol, P. and Chaoul, L. and Charlot, P. and Chemin, L. and Chiavassa, and A. and Cioni, M. -R. L. and Comoretto, G. and Cooper, W. J. and Cornez, and T. and Cowell, S. and Crifo, F. and Crosta, M. and Crowley, C. and and Dafonte, C. and Dapergolas, A. and David, M. and David, P. and de and Laverny, P. and De Luise, F. and De March, R. and De Ridder, J. and de and Souza, R. and de Teodoro, P. and de Torres, A. and del Peloso, E. F. and and del Pozo, E. and Delbo, M. and Delgado, A. and Delgado, H. E. and and Delisle, J. -B. and Di Matteo, P. and Diakite, S. and Diener, C. and and Distefano, E. and Dolding, C. and Eappachen, D. and Edvardsson, B. and and Enke, H. and Esquej, P. and Fabre, C. and Fabrizio, M. and Faigler, S. and and Fedorets, G. and Fernique, P. and Fienga, A. and Figueras, F. and and Fouron, C. and Fragkoudi, F. and Fraile, E. and Franke, F. and Gai, M. and and Garabato, D. and Garcia-Gutierrez, A. and Garcia-Torres, M. and and Garofalo, A. and Gavras, P. and Gerlach, E. and Geyer, R. and Giacobbe, and P. and Gilmore, G. and Girona, S. and Giuffrida, G. and Gomel, R. and and Gomez, A. and Gonzalez-Santamaria, I. and Gonzalez-Vidal, J. J. and and Granvik, M. and Gutierrez-Sanchez, R. and Guy, L. P. and Hauser, M. and and Haywood, M. and Helmi, A. and Hidalgo, S. L. and Hilger, T. and and Hladczuk, N. and Hobbs, D. and Holland, G. and Huckle, H. E. and and Jasniewicz, G. and Jonker, P. G. and Juaristi Campillo, J. and Julbe, F. and and Karbevska, L. and Kervella, P. and Khanna, S. and Kochoska, A. and and Kontizas, M. and Kordopatis, G. and Korn, A. J. and Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, and Z. and Kruszynska, K. and Lambert, S. and Lanza, A. F. and Lasne, Y. and and Le Campion, J. -F. and Le Fustec, Y. and Lebreton, Y. and Lebzelter, T. and and Leccia, S. and Leclerc, N. and Lecoeur-Taibi, I. and Liao, S. and and Licata, E. and Lindstrom, E. P. and Lister, T. A. and Livanou, E. and and Lobel, A. and Madrero Pardo, P. and Managau, S. and Mann, R. G. and and Marchant, J. M. and Marconi, M. and Marcos Santos, M. M. S. and and Marinoni, S. and Marocco, F. and Marshall, D. J. and Martin Polo, L. and and Martin-Fleitas, J. M. and Masip, A. and Massari, D. and and Mastrobuono-Battisti, A. and Mazeh, T. and McMillan, P. J. and Messina, and S. and Michalik, D. and Millar, N. R. and Mints, A. and Molina, D. and and Molinaro, R. and Molnar, L. and Montegriffo, P. and Mor, R. and and Morbidelli, R. and Morel, T. and Morris, D. and Mulone, A. F. and Munoz, and D. and Muraveva, T. and Murphy, C. P. and Musella, I. and Noval, L. and and Ordenovic, C. and Orru, G. and Osinde, J. and Pagani, C. and Pagano, I. and and Palaversa, L. and Palicio, P. A. and Panahi, A. and Pawlak, M. and and Penalosa Esteller, X. and Penttila, A. and Piersimoni, A. M. and Pineau, and F. -X. and Plachy, E. and Plum, G. and Poggio, E. and Poretti, E. and and Poujoulet, E. and Prsa, A. and Pulone, L. and Racero, E. and Ragaini, S. and and Rainer, M. and Raiteri, C. M. and Rambaux, N. and Ramos, P. and and Ramos-Lerate, M. and Re Fiorentin, P. and Regibo, S. and Reyle, C. and and Ripepi, V. and Riva, A. and Rixon, G. and Robichon, N. and Robin, C. and and Roelens, M. and Rohrbasser, L. and Romero-Gomez, M. and Rowell, N. and and Royer, F. and Rybicki, K. A. and Sadowski, G. and Sagrista Selles, A. and and Sahlmann, J. and Salgado, J. and Salguero, E. and Samaras, N. and and Sanchez Gimenez, V. and Sanna, N. and Santovena, R. and Sarasso, M. and and Schultheis, M. and Sciacca, E. and Segol, M. and Segovia, J. C. and and Segransan, D. and Semeux, D. and Shahaf, S. and Siddiqui, H. I. and and Siebert, A. and Siltala, L. and Slezak, E. and Smart, R. L. and Solano, and E. and Solitro, F. and Souami, D. and Souchay, J. and Spagna, A. and and Spoto, F. and Steele, I. A. and Steidelmueller, H. and Stephenson, C. A. and and Suveges, M. and Szabados, L. and Szegedi-Elek, E. and Taris, F. and and Tauran, G. and Taylor, M. B. and Teixeira, R. and Thuillot, W. and and Tonello, N. and Torra, F. and Torra, J. and Turon, C. and Unger, N. and and Vaillant, M. and van Dillen, E. and Vanel, O. and Vecchiato, A. and and Viala, Y. and Vicente, D. and Voutsinas, S. and Weiler, M. and Wevers, and T. and Wyrzykowski, L. and Yoldas, A. and Yvard, P. and Zhao, H. and and Zorec, J. and Zucker, S. and Zurbach, C. and Zwitter, T. and Gaia and Collaboration",
    journal = "Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics",
    year = "2021",
    volume = "649",
    publisher = "EDP SCIENCES S A",
    issn = "0275-1062",
    doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202039657",
    keywords = "catalogs; astrometry; parallaxes; proper motions; techniques;
photometric; techniques: radial velocities",
    abstract = "Context. We present the early installment of the third Gaia data
release, Gaia EDR3, consisting of astrometry and photometry for 1.8
billion sources brighter than magnitude 21, complemented with the list
of radial velocities from Gaia DR2.
Aims. A summary of the contents of Gaia EDR3 is presented, accompanied
by a discussion on the differences with respect to Gaia DR2 and an
overview of the main limitations which are present in the survey.
Recommendations are made on the responsible use of Gaia EDR3 results.
Methods. The raw data collected with the Gaia instruments during the
first 34 months of the mission have been processed by the Gaia Data
Processing and Analysis Consortium and turned into this early third data
release, which represents a major advance with respect to Gaia DR2 in
terms of astrometric and photometric precision, accuracy, and
homogeneity. Results. Gaia EDR3 contains celestial positions and the
apparent brightness in G for approximately 1.8 billion sources. For 1.5
billion of those sources, parallaxes, proper motions, and the (G(BP) -
G(RP)) colour are also available. The passbands for G, G(BP), and G(RP)
are provided as part of the release. For ease of use, the 7 million
radial velocities from Gaia DR2 are included in this release, after the
removal of a small number of spurious values. New radial velocities will
appear as part of Gaia DR3. Finally, Gaia EDR3 represents an updated
materialisation of the celestial reference frame (CRF) in the optical,
the Gaia-CRF3, which is based solely on extragalactic sources. The
creation of the source list for Gaia EDR3 includes enhancements that
make it more robust with respect to high proper motion stars, and the
disturbing effects of spurious and partially resolved sources. The
source list is largely the same as that for Gaia DR2, but it does
feature new sources and there are some notable changes. The source list
will not change for Gaia DR3.
Conclusions. Gaia EDR3 represents a significant advance over Gaia DR2,
with parallax precisions increased by 30 per cent, proper motion
precisions increased by a factor of 2, and the systematic errors in the
astrometry suppressed by 30-40% for the parallaxes and by a factor
similar to 2.5 for the proper motions. The photometry also features
increased precision, but above all much better homogeneity across
colour, magnitude, and celestial position. A single passband for G,
G(BP), and G(RP) is valid over the entire magnitude and colour range,
with no systematics above the 1% level"
}