@article{3341722,
    title = "Enhanced Gastric/Lung Arsenic Bioaccessibility from Lignite Fly Ashes: Comparing Bioaccessibility Rates with Multiple Environmental Matrices",
    author = "Bourliva, A. and Kelepertzis, E. and Papadopoulou, L. and Patinha, C. and Kantiranis, N.",
    journal = "Toxics Law Daily",
    year = "2023",
    volume = "11",
    number = "4",
    publisher = "MDPI",
    issn = "1533-1415",
    doi = "10.3390/toxics11040358",
    keywords = "arsenic, analytic method;  Article;  comparative study;  correlational study;  dust;  environmental exposure;  fly ash;  Greece;  inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry;  ingestion;  inhalation;  lignite fly ash;  lung;  lung fluid;  mineralogy;  particle size;  scanning electron microscopy;  soil;  stomach;  stomach juice;  surface property;  X ray fluorescence spectrometry",
    abstract = "Inorganic arsenic (As), a carcinogenic element to humans, is among the most dangerous and flammable substances that coal-burning plants could release. When coal is burned, large portions of arsenic are captured on fly-ash (FA) particles, but it could also contribute significantly to stack emissions of fine fly-ash particles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral and respiratory bioaccessibility of arsenic in lignite fly-ash (LFA) samples, and their contribution to total As exposure. Arsenic bioaccessibility fractions via ingestion and inhalation showed significant differences, suggesting the presence of highly soluble As-bearing phases in the studied LFA samples. The bioaccessible As fractions (BAF%) in the simulated gastric fluids (UBM protocol, ISO 17924:2018) showed a range of 45–73%, while the pulmonary bioaccessibility rates in the simulated lung fluid (artificial lung fluid (ALF)) exhibited significantly enhanced levels ranging from 86% to 95%. The obtained arsenic bioaccessibility rates were compared with previous data for multiple environmental matrices such as soil and dust-related materials, revealing that LFA exhibited significantly higher bioaccessibility (%) for the inhalation pathway. © 2023 by the authors."
}