TY - JOUR
TI - Rational design, efficient syntheses and biological evaluation of N,N’-symmetrically bis-substituted butylimidazole analogs as a new class of potent Angiotensin II receptor blockers
AU - G. Agelis, A. Resvani, C. Koukoulitsa, T. Tumonva, J. Slaninova, D. Kalavrizioti, K. Spyridaki, A. Afantitis, G. Melagraki, A. Siafaka, E. Gkini, G. Megariotis, S.G. Grdadolnik, M. Papadopoulos, D. Vlahakos, M. Maragoudakis, G. Liapakis, T. Mavromoustakos, J. Matsoukas
JO - European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
PY - 2013
VL - 62
TODO - -
SP - 352-370
PB - Elsevier
SN - 0223-5234
TODO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.12.044
TODO - AT1 receptor blockers N,N0 -Bis-alkylated butylimidazole analogs Synthesis Wittig reaction Hydroxymethylation Structure elucidation Docking studies Molecular dynamics Biological evaluation
TODO - A series of symmetrically bis-substituted imidazole analogs bearing at the N-1 and N-3 two biphenyl
moieties ortho substituted either with tetrazole or carboxylate functional groups was designed based on
docking studies and utilizing for the first time an extra hydrophobic binding cleft of AT1 receptor. The
synthesized analogs were evaluated for their in vitro antagonistic activities (pA2 values) and binding affinities (elogIC50 values) to the Angiotensin II AT1 receptor. Among them, the potassium (elogIC50 ¼ 9.04)
and the sodium (elogIC50 ¼ 8.54) salts of 4-butyl-N,N0
-bis{[20
-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl}
imidazolium bromide (12a and 12b, respectively) as well as its free acid 11 (elogIC50 ¼ 9.46) and the 4-
butyl-2-hydroxymethyl-N,N0
-bis{[20
-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl}imidazolium bromide (14)
(elogIC50 ¼ 8.37, pA2 ¼ 8.58) showed high binding affinity to the AT1 receptor and high antagonistic activity
(potency). The potency was similar or even superior to that of Losartan (elogIC50 ¼ 8.25, pA2 ¼ 8.25). On the
contrary, 2-butyl-N,N0
-bis{[20
-[2H-tetrazol-5-yl)]biphenyl-4-yl]methyl}imidazolium bromide (27)
(elogIC50 ¼ 5.77) and 2-butyl-4-chloro-5-hydroxymethyl-N,N0
-bis{[20
-[2H-tetrazol-5-yl)]biphenyl-4-yl]
methyl}imidazolium bromide (30) (elogIC50 ¼ 6.38) displayed very low binding affinity indicating that the
orientation of the n-butyl group is of primary importance. Docking studies of the representative highly
active 12b clearly showed that this molecule has an extra hydrophobic binding feature compared to prototype drug Losartan and it fits to the extra hydrophobic cavity. These results may contribute to the discovery and development of a new class of biologically active molecules through bis-alkylation of the
imidazole ring by a convenient and cost effective synthetic strategy
ER -