TY - JOUR TI - Positive and negative parenting in conduct disorder with high versus low levels of callous-unemotional traits AU - Pauli, R. AU - Tino, P. AU - Rogers, J.C. AU - Baker, R. AU - Clanton, R. AU - Birch, P. AU - Brown, A. AU - Daniel, G. AU - Ferreira, L. AU - Grisley, L. AU - Kohls, G. AU - Baumann, S. AU - Bernhard, A. AU - Martinelli, A. AU - Ackermann, K. AU - Lazaratou, H. AU - Tsiakoulia, F. AU - Bali, P. AU - Oldenhof, H. AU - Jansen, L. AU - Smaragdi, A. AU - Gonzalez-Madruga, K. AU - Gonzalez-Torres, M.A. AU - Gonzalez De Artaza-Lavesa, M. AU - Steppan, M. AU - Vriends, N. AU - Bigorra, A. AU - Siklosi, R. AU - Ghosh, S. AU - Bunte, K. AU - Dochnal, R. AU - Hervas, A. AU - Stadler, C. AU - Fernandez-Rivas, A. AU - Fairchild, G. AU - Popma, A. AU - DIkeos, D. AU - Konrad, K. AU - Herpertz-Dahlmann, B. AU - Freitag, C.M. AU - Rotshtein, P. AU - De Brito, S.A. JO - Development and Psychopathology PY - 2021 VL - 33 TODO - 3 SP - 980-991 PB - Cambridge University Press SN - 0954-5794, 1469-2198 TODO - 10.1017/S0954579420000279 TODO - adolescent; child; child parent relation; conduct disorder; emotion; empathy; human; preschool child, Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Conduct Disorder; Emotions; Empathy; Humans; Parenting TODO - Less is known about the relationship between conduct disorder (CD), callous-unemotional (CU) traits, and positive and negative parenting in youth compared to early childhood. We combined traditional univariate analyses with a novel machine learning classifier (Angle-based Generalized Matrix Learning Vector Quantization) to classify youth (N = 756; 9-18 years) into typically developing (TD) or CD groups with or without elevated CU traits (CD/HCU, CD/LCU, respectively) using youth- and parent-reports of parenting behavior. At the group level, both CD/HCU and CD/LCU were associated with high negative and low positive parenting relative to TD. However, only positive parenting differed between the CD/HCU and CD/LCU groups. In classification analyses, performance was best when distinguishing CD/HCU from TD groups and poorest when distinguishing CD/HCU from CD/LCU groups. Positive and negative parenting were both relevant when distinguishing CD/HCU from TD, negative parenting was most relevant when distinguishing between CD/LCU and TD, and positive parenting was most relevant when distinguishing CD/HCU from CD/LCU groups. These findings suggest that while positive parenting distinguishes between CD/HCU and CD/LCU, negative parenting is associated with both CD subtypes. These results highlight the importance of considering multiple parenting behaviors in CD with varying levels of CU traits in late childhood/adolescence. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2020. ER -