TY - JOUR
TI - Extra-and intra-cranial arterial calcifications in adults depicted as incidental findings on cone beam CT images
AU - Damaskos, S.
AU - Tsiklakis, K.
AU - Syriopoulos, K.
AU - Der Stelt, P.V.
JO - Acta Odontologica Scandinavica
PY - 2015
VL - 73
TODO - 3
SP - 202-209
PB - Informa Healthcare
SN - 0001-6357, 1502-3850
TODO - 10.3109/00016357.2014.979867
TODO - adult;  age;  aged;  arteriosclerosis;  brain atherosclerosis;  carotid artery disease;  cone beam computed tomography;  face injury;  female;  human;  incidental finding;  internal carotid artery;  male;  middle aged;  orthodontics;  orthognathic surgery;  patient care planning;  procedures;  radiography;  retrospective study;  sex difference;  sleep disordered breathing;  tooth implantation;  very elderly, Adult;  Age Factors;  Aged;  Aged, 80 and over;  Arteriosclerosis;  Carotid Artery Diseases;  Carotid Artery, Internal;  Cone-Beam Computed Tomography;  Dental Implantation, Endosseous;  Facial Injuries;  Female;  Humans;  Incidental Findings;  Intracranial Arteriosclerosis;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Orthodontics, Corrective;  Orthognathic Surgical Procedures;  Patient Care Planning;  Retrospective Studies;  Sex Factors;  Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
TODO - Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate, retrospectively, the gender-and age-related prevalence of incidentally found calcifications, depicted within the course of the extra-and intra-cranial portion of internal carotid artery (ICA), in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations in adults, and to assess their clinical significance. Materials and methods. Out of a pull of 700 CBCT examinations a total of 484 CBCT scans of adult patients were finally selected according to a set of pre-defined criteria. These were evaluated for arterial calcifications presence within the ICAs course according to gender and age criteria. Results. In total, 492 calcifications were detected: 211 (42.88%) extra-cranial and 281 (57.11%) intra-cranial. Those were recorded in 150 scans (30.99%) and 161 scans (33.26%), respectively. Calcifications, with either extra-or intra-cranial allocation, were found more frequent in males than in females (all p-values < 0.05); also patients who presented with positive findings were older than those without findings (all p-values < 0.05). Furthermore, calcification presence with either extra-or intra-cranial allocation increases with age (all p-values < 0.05). Conclusion. Significant calcification frequencies were found within the ICA's course, in CBCT scans. Moreover, an increased incidence of either extra-or intra-cranial presence of these depictions and its relation to age and gender was documented. © 2015 Informa Healthcare.
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