TY - JOUR
TI - Temporal trends of transmitted HIV drug resistance in a multinational seroconversion cohort
AU - Olson, A.
AU - Bannert, N.
AU - Sönnerborg, A.
AU - De Mendoza, C.
AU - Price, M.
AU - Zangerle, R.
AU - Chaix, M.-L.
AU - Prins, M.
AU - Kran, A.-M.B.
AU - Gill, J.
AU - Paraskevis, D.
AU - Porter, K.
JO - Ελληνικά Αρχεία AIDS=:  Hellenic Archives of AIDS
PY - 2018
VL - 32
TODO - 2
SP - 161-169
PB - Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
SN - 11058900
TODO - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001689
TODO - nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor;  proteinase inhibitor;  RNA directed DNA polymerase inhibitor, acute HIV infection;  adult;  antiretroviral therapy;  antiviral resistance;  Article;  cohort analysis;  controlled study;  female;  human;  major clinical study;  male;  nucleotide sequence;  prevalence;  priority journal;  seroconversion;  virus transmission;  disease transmission;  drug effect;  global health;  Human immunodeficiency virus;  Human immunodeficiency virus infection;  missense mutation;  transmission;  virology, Adult;  Disease Transmission, Infectious;  Drug Resistance, Viral;  Female;  Global Health;  HIV;  HIV Infections;  Humans;  Male;  Mutation, Missense;  Prevalence
TODO - Background: The rate of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) may increase with wider use of antiretroviral therapy and can contribute to therapeutic failure. We analysed time trends in TDR among HIV seroconverters. Methods: Using CASCADE data of individuals with well estimated dates of HIV seroconversion, we examined HIV nucleotide sequences collected prior to antiretroviral therapy use from 1996-2012. All samples were taken within 12 months of testing HIV positive. Using logistic regression, we examined the association between TDR and year of seroconversion, adjusting for confounders. Results: Of 4717 individuals seroconverting between 1996 and 2012, median (IQR) age at seroconversion was 33 (27, 39) years. The majority (3839; 92%) were male, mainly exposed through MSM (3767; 80%), and infected with subtype B (3464; 73%). Overall, 515 (11%) individuals had at least one drug resistance-related mutation; 280 individuals with nucleoside reverse transcriptase, 185 with nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase, and 144 with protease inhibitor mutations. Estimated TDR prevalence was 19.4% (8.2, 36.0) in 1996, significantly decreasing to 8.5% (5.9, 11.9) in 2012 [odds ratio (OR; 95% confidence interval (CI)) = 0.92 (0.90, 0.95) per year increase]. Individuals exposed through sex between men and women were significantly less likely to have been infected with a drug-resistant strain [OR (95% CI) = 0.59 (0.41, 0.87) compared with MSM], and there was marginal evidence that sampling during acute infection was associated with higher odds of resistance [OR (95% CI) = 1.20 (0.97, 1.7), P = 0.093] compared with later sampling. Conclusion: TDR has decreased over calendar time although a significant proportion of new infections still carry resistance-related mutations. © Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
ER -