TY - JOUR
TI - Early changes of the kinetics of monocyte trem-1 reflect final outcome in human sepsis
AU - Marioli, A.
AU - Koupetori, M.
AU - Raftogiannis, M.
AU - Patrani, M.
AU - Antonakos, N.
AU - Pavlaki, M.
AU - Adamis, G.
AU - Dougekou, G.
AU - Damoraki, G.
AU - Tsangaris, I.
JO - BMC Immunology
PY - 2014
VL - 15
TODO - 1
SP - null
PB - BioMed Central Ltd.
SN - 1471-2172
TODO - 10.1186/s12865-014-0063-y
TODO - adult;  aged;  Article;  controlled study;  enzyme immunoassay;  female;  flow cytometry;  gene expression;  genetic association;  human;  human cell;  immune response gene;  major clinical study;  male;  monocyte;  observational study;  peripheral blood mononuclear cell;  real time polymerase chain reaction;  sepsis;  septic shock;  serum;  severe sepsis;  survival rate;  survivor;  treatment outcome;  triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 gene;  blood;  clinical trial;  disease free survival;  follow up;  gene expression regulation;  immunology;  kinetics;  metabolism;  middle aged;  mortality;  pathology;  sepsis;  very elderly, immunoglobulin receptor;  membrane protein;  TREM1 protein, human, Aged;  Aged, 80 and over;  Disease-Free Survival;  Female;  Follow-Up Studies;  Gene Expression Regulation;  Humans;  Kinetics;  Male;  Membrane Glycoproteins;  Middle Aged;  Monocytes;  Receptors, Immunologic;  Sepsis;  Survival Rate
TODO - Background: TREM-1 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells), a receptor expressed on neutrophils and monocytes, is upregulated in sepsis and seems to tune the inflammatory response. We explored the expression of TREM-1 at the gene level and on cell membranes of monocytes and association with clinical outcome. Methods: Peripheral venous blood was sampled from 75 septic patients (39 patients with sepsis, 25 with severe sepsis and 11 with septic shock) on sepsis days 1, 3 and 7. TREM-1 on monocytes was measured by flow cytometry; gene expression of in circulating mononuclear cells was assessed by real-time PCR. sTREM-1 was measured in serum by an enzyme immunoassay. Results: Although surface TREM-1, sTREM-1 and gene expression did not differ between sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock on day 1, survivors had greater expression of surface TREM-1 on days 3 and 7 compared to non-survivors. sTREM-1 on non-survivors decreased on day 3 compared to baseline. Patients with increase of monocyte gene expression of from day 1 to day 3 had prolonged survival compared to patients with decrease of gene expression of from day 1 to day 3 (p: 0.031). Conclusions: Early decrease of gene expression of in monocytes is associated with poor outcome. A reciprocal decrease of the pro-inflammatory surface receptor TREM-1 linked with sepsis-induced immunosuppression may be part of the explanation. © Marioli et al.
ER -