TY - JOUR
TI - Doping control container for urine stabilization: a pilot study
AU - Tsivou, M.
AU - Giannadaki, E.
AU - Hooghe, F.
AU - Roels, K.
AU - Van Gansbeke, W.
AU - Garribba, F.
AU - Lyris, E.
AU - Deventer, K.
AU - Mazzarino, M.
AU - Donati, F.
AU - Georgakopoulos, D.G.
AU - Van Eenoo, P.
AU - Georgakopoulos, C.G.
AU - de la Torre, X.
AU - Botrè, F.
JO - Drug Testing and Analysis
PY - 2017
VL - 9
TODO - 5
SP - 699-712
PB - John Wiley and Sons Ltd
SN - 1942-7603, 1942-7611
TODO - 10.1002/dta.2048
TODO - chorionic gonadotropin;  ipamorelin;  pralmorelin;  proteinase;  chorionic gonadotropin;  DNA;  erythropoietin;  peptide;  recombinant protein;  steroid, animal tissue;  Article;  container;  controlled study;  doping;  efficacy parameters;  follow up;  human;  incubation time;  molecular stability;  nonhuman;  pathogen clearance;  pilot study;  priority journal;  protein degradation;  urine sampling;  chemistry;  devices;  doping;  microbiology;  procedures;  specimen handling;  substance abuse;  urinalysis;  urine, Chorionic Gonadotropin;  DNA;  Doping in Sports;  Erythropoietin;  Follow-Up Studies;  Humans;  Peptides;  Pilot Projects;  Proteolysis;  Recombinant Proteins;  Specimen Handling;  Steroids;  Substance Abuse Detection;  Urinalysis;  Urine
TODO - Urine collection containers used in the doping control collection procedure do not provide a protective environment for urine, against degradation by microorganisms and proteolytic enzymes. An in-house chemical stabilization mixture was developed to tackle urine degradation problems encountered in human sport samples, in cases of microbial contamination or proteolytic activity. The mixture consists of antimicrobial substances and protease inhibitors for the simultaneous inactivation of a wide range of proteolytic enzymes. It has already been tested in lab-scale, as part of World Anti-Doping Agency's (WADA) funded research project, in terms of efficiency against microbial and proteolytic activity. The present work, funded also by WADA, is a follow-up study on the improvement of chemical stabilization mixture composition, application mode and limitation of interferences, using pilot urine collection containers, spray-coated in their internal surface with the chemical stabilization mixture. Urine in plastic stabilized collection containers have been gone through various incubation cycles to test for stabilization efficiency and analytical matrix interferences by three WADA accredited Laboratories (Athens, Ghent, and Rome). The spray-coated chemical stabilization mixture was tested against microorganism elimination and steroid glucuronide degradation, as well as enzymatic breakdown of proteins, such as intact hCG, recombinant erythropoietin and small peptides (GHRPs, ipamorelin), induced by proteolytic enzymes. Potential analytical interferences, observed in the presence of spray-coated chemical stabilization mixture, were recorded using routine screening procedures. The results of the current study support the application of the spray-coated plastic urine container, in the doping control collection procedure. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ER -