TY - JOUR
TI - Biomarkers of genotoxicity of urban air pollution: Overview and descriptive data from a molecular epidemiology study on populations exposed to moderate-to-low levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: The AULIS project
AU - Kyrtopoulos, S.A.
AU - Georgiadis, P.
AU - Autrup, H.
AU - Demopoulos, N.
AU - Farmer, P.
AU - Haugen, A.
AU - Katsouyanni, K.
AU - Lambert, B.
AU - Ovrebo, S.
AU - Sram, R.
AU - Stefanou, G.
AU - Topinka, J.
JO - Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
PY - 2001
VL - 496
TODO - 1-2
SP - 207-228
PB - 
SN - 1383-5718
TODO - 10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00222-4
TODO - 1 hydroxypyrene;  acetylcysteine derivative;  biological marker;  cotinine;  cysteine derivative;  hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase;  n acetyl s phenylcysteine;  polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon;  s phenylcysteine;  unclassified drug, adult;  air pollution;  carcinogenicity;  chromosome aberration;  cohort analysis;  conference paper;  controlled study;  DNA adduct;  environmental exposure;  epidemiological data;  female;  genotoxicity;  human;  major clinical study;  male;  methodology;  population exposure;  population research;  priority journal;  sister chromatid exchange;  urban area, Adolescent;  Adult;  Air Pollutants;  Air Pollution;  Biological Markers;  DNA;  DNA Adducts;  Environmental Illness;  Epidemiology, Molecular;  Female;  Greece;  Humans;  Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase;  Inhalation Exposure;  Lung Neoplasms;  Lymphocytes;  Male;  Mutagens;  Mutation;  Phosphorus Radioisotopes;  Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic;  Polymorphism, Genetic;  Sister Chromatid Exchange;  Urban Health;  Urban Population
TODO - Epidemiologic studies indicate that prolonged exposure to high pollution levels is associated with increased risk of cancer, especially lung cancer. However, under conditions of moderate or low air pollution, epidemiologic evidence does not permit reliable conclusions. Biomarker-based population studies may serve as complementary tools providing a better understanding of the relative contribution of ambient atmospheric pollution to the overall genotoxic burden suffered by city dwellers. However, past efforts to apply biomarkers to studies of low levels exposure to urban air pollution have given inconclusive results, partly because of the absence of adequate data on personal exposure, covering a time-window which is appropriate for the biomarkers being examined, as well as a battery of biomarkers reflecting different stages of the carcinogenic process. In the present paper, the potential of biomarker-based population studies to aid the assessment of the genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of urban air pollution is reviewed by reference to the achievements and limitations of earlier reported studies. The design and methodology adopted in a recently completed large-scale population study, carried out in the context of the European Union Environment and Climate Programme, known by the short name of AULIS project, The authors worked on behalf of the AULIS project network.1 is discussed and descriptive statistics of the main findings of the project are presented. These findings indicate that for cohorts suffering moderate-to-low exposures to airborne particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), no simple correlation with biomarkers of genotoxicity existed and suggest that additional factors made a significant contribution to the overall genotoxic burden. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
ER -