TY - JOUR
TI - Long-term metabolic consequences in patients with a history of gestational diabetes
AU - Kousta, E.
AU - Kontogeorgi, A.
AU - Robinson, S.
AU - Johnston, D.G.
JO - Current Pharmaceutical Design
PY - 2020
VL - 26
TODO - 43
SP - 5564-5572
PB - Bentham Science Publishers
SN - 1381-6128
TODO - 10.2174/1381612826666201106092423
TODO - glucose, Article;  cardiovascular disease;  ethnic difference;  first trimester pregnancy;  glucose blood level;  human;  metabolic syndrome X;  non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus;  ovary polycystic disease;  pregnancy diabetes mellitus;  priority journal;  puerperium;  risk factor;  risk reduction;  screening;  cardiovascular disease;  female;  mass screening;  non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus;  pregnancy, Cardiovascular Diseases;  Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2;  Diabetes, Gestational;  Female;  Humans;  Mass Screening;  Metabolic Syndrome;  Pregnancy;  Risk Factors
TODO - Gestational diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic complication of pregnancy. Universal guidelines on gestational diabetes have been impeded by the long-term controversies on its definition and screening strategies. The prevalence of gestational diabetes is rising all over the world, is significantly influenced by ethnicity and its rise is mainly attributed to increasing maternal obesity and age. Gestational diabetes mellitus has important long-term implications, including gestational diabetes recurrence, increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease for the mother. Gestational diabetes mellitus may be viewed as a chronic metabolic disorder that is identified in women during gestation and may provide a unique opportunity for the early identification and primary prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease in these women. In this mini-review, the evolution of screening tests for gestational diabetes and guidelines are briefly described and metabolic and cardiovascular long-term consequences of women with a history of gestational diabetes are summarized. A summary of our own St. Mary’s Hospital-UK Research series on long-term metabolic consequences of 368 women with a history of gestational diabetes of 3 different ethnic groups and 482 control women is also included. We found that approximately 2 years following delivery, 37% of women with a history of gestational diabetes had abnormal glucose concentrations, but, most importantly, even those who were normoglycaemic, postpartum displayed metabolic abnormalities on detailed testing. Future research needs to focus on the prevention of gestational diabetes long-term complications, but also in identification of pre-pregnancy predictors and risk reduction before conception. © 2020 Bentham Science Publishers.
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