TY - JOUR
TI - Paraoxonase-1: Characteristics and role in atherosclerosis and carotid artery disease
AU - Lioudaki, S.
AU - Verikokos, C.
AU - Kouraklis, G.
AU - Ioannou, C.
AU - Chatziioannou, E.
AU - Perrea, D.
AU - Klonaris, C.
JO - Current Vascular Pharmacology
PY - 2018
VL - 17
TODO - 2
SP - 141-146
PB - Bentham Science Publishers B.V.
SN - 1570-1611
TODO - 10.2174/1570161115666171129212359
TODO - alloenzyme;  amlodipine;  antioxidant;  apolipoprotein A1;  aryldialkylphosphatase 1;  atorvastatin;  clusterin;  fatty acid;  fibrinogen;  high density lipoprotein cholesterol;  hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor;  low density lipoprotein cholesterol;  olmesartan;  probucol;  reactive nitrogen species;  reactive oxygen metabolite;  simvastatin;  triacylglycerol;  aryldialkylphosphatase;  PON1 protein, human, amino acid sequence;  atherosclerosis;  atherosclerotic plaque;  carotid artery disease;  disease course;  disease exacerbation;  disease severity;  enzyme activity;  foam cell;  genetic polymorphism;  genetic variability;  genotype;  heart protection;  human;  hypercholesterolemia;  hyperlipidemia;  hypertension;  ischemic heart disease;  lipid oxidation;  macrophage;  meta analysis (topic);  nonhuman;  oxidative stress;  protein lipid interaction;  Review;  risk factor;  artery;  atherosclerosis;  atherosclerotic plaque;  carotid artery disease;  enzymology;  genetics;  metabolism;  pathology;  prognosis;  risk assessment;  signal transduction, Arteries;  Aryldialkylphosphatase;  Atherosclerosis;  Carotid Artery Diseases;  Disease Progression;  Humans;  Plaque, Atherosclerotic;  Polymorphism, Genetic;  Prognosis;  Risk Assessment;  Risk Factors;  Signal Transduction
TODO - Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) is a calcium-dependent enzyme that is synthesized in the liver and then secreted in blood where it is bound to High Density Lipoprotein (HDL). PON-1 is a hydrolase with a wide range of substrates, including lipid peroxides. It is considered responsible for many of the antia-therogenic properties of HDL. PON-1 prevents Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, a process that is considered to contribute to the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. PON-1 activity and levels are influenced by gene polymorphisms; of the 2 common variants, one is in position 192 (Q192R) and one in position 55 (M55L). Also, many drugs affect PON-1 activity. The role of PON-1 in carotid atherosclerosis is inconsistent. Some studies show an association of PON-1 polymorphisms with carotid plaque formation, whereas others do not. The aim of this review is to summarize the characteristics of PON-1, its interactions with drugs and its role in atherosclerosis and especially its relationship with carotid artery disease. © 2019 Bentham Science Publishers.
ER -