TY - JOUR
TI - The strength in numbers: comprehensive characterization of house dust using complementary mass spectrometric techniques
AU - Rostkowski, P.
AU - Haglund, P.
AU - Aalizadeh, R.
AU - Alygizakis, N.
AU - Thomaidis, N.
AU - Arandes, J.B.
AU - Nizzetto, P.B.
AU - Booij, P.
AU - Budzinski, H.
AU - Brunswick, P.
AU - Covaci, A.
AU - Gallampois, C.
AU - Grosse, S.
AU - Hindle, R.
AU - Ipolyi, I.
AU - Jobst, K.
AU - Kaserzon, S.L.
AU - Leonards, P.
AU - Lestremau, F.
AU - Letzel, T.
AU - Magnér, J.
AU - Matsukami, H.
AU - Moschet, C.
AU - Oswald, P.
AU - Plassmann, M.
AU - Slobodnik, J.
AU - Yang, C.
JO - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
PY - 2019
VL - 411
TODO - 10
SP - 1957-1977
PB - Springer-Verlag
SN - 1618-2642, 1618-2650
TODO - 10.1007/s00216-019-01615-6
TODO - Atmospheric ionization;  Atmospheric pressure;  Data handling;  Distributed computer systems;  Electrospray ionization;  Fragrances;  Gas chromatography;  Houses;  Hydrocarbon refining;  Hydrocarbons;  Liquid chromatography;  Mass spectrometry;  Screening, Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization;  Collaborative trial;  Complementary analytical techniques;  Electrospray ionization (ESI);  House dust;  Non-target analysis;  Personal care products;  Spectrometric techniques, Dust
TODO - Untargeted analysis of a composite house dust sample has been performed as part of a collaborative effort to evaluate the progress in the field of suspect and nontarget screening and build an extensive database of organic indoor environment contaminants. Twenty-one participants reported results that were curated by the organizers of the collaborative trial. In total, nearly 2350 compounds were identified (18%) or tentatively identified (25% at confidence level 2 and 58% at confidence level 3), making the collaborative trial a success. However, a relatively small share (37%) of all compounds were reported by more than one participant, which shows that there is plenty of room for improvement in the field of suspect and nontarget screening. An even a smaller share (5%) of the total number of compounds were detected using both liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thus, the two MS techniques are highly complementary. Most of the compounds were detected using LC with electrospray ionization (ESI) MS and comprehensive 2D GC (GC×GC) with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electron ionization (EI), respectively. Collectively, the three techniques accounted for more than 75% of the reported compounds. Glycols, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and various biogenic compounds dominated among the compounds reported by LC-MS participants, while hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon derivatives, and chlorinated paraffins and chlorinated biphenyls were primarily reported by GC-MS participants. Plastics additives, flavor and fragrances, and personal care products were reported by both LC-MS and GC-MS participants. It was concluded that the use of multiple analytical techniques was required for a comprehensive characterization of house dust contaminants. Further, several recommendations are given for improved suspect and nontarget screening of house dust and other indoor environment samples, including the use of open-source data processing tools. One of the tools allowed provisional identification of almost 500 compounds that had not been reported by participants. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2019, The Author(s).
ER -