TY - JOUR
TI - Cardiometabolic health in premature ovarian insufficiency
AU - Stevenson, J. C.
AU - Collins, P.
AU - Hamoda, H.
AU - Lambrinoudaki, I.
AU - and Maas, A. H. E. M.
AU - Maclaran, K.
AU - Panay, N.
JO - Climacteric
PY - 2021
VL - 24
TODO - 5, SI
SP - 474-480
PB - Taylor and Francis Ltd.
SN - 1369-7137, 1473-0804
TODO - 10.1080/13697137.2021.1910232
TODO - Premature ovarian insufficiency; lipids; glucose and insulin; body
composition; hemostasis; metabolic syndrome; diabetes mellitus; blood
pressure; endothelial function; inflammation; atherosclerosis; hormone
replacement therapy
TODO - Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is an increasing public health
problem with a prevalence now approaching 4%. POI results in adverse
effects on the skeleton and central nervous system as well as
disturbances of metabolic and cardiological factors that predispose to a
major increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This article
reviews the effects of the premature loss of ovarian function on lipids
and lipoproteins, glucose and insulin metabolism, body composition,
hemostasis and blood pressure, together with effects on the development
of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. The article examines the
effects of POI on vascular endothelial function and inflammation that
result in arterial disease, and reviews the effects of hormone
replacement therapy (HRT) on these various metabolic processes and on
cardiovascular outcomes. It is essential that women with POI receive
hormonal treatment to help prevent the development of CVD, and that this
treatment is continued at least until the normal age of menopause. It
appears that HRT has a more favorable effect than the combined oral
contraceptive, but larger clinical trials are needed to establish the
optimal treatment. Other therapeutic measures may need to be added to
correct existing metabolic abnormalities and, in particular, attention
to lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise must be encouraged.
ER -