TY - JOUR
TI - Gallbladder disease, cholecystectomy, and pancreatic cancer risk in the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4)
AU - Rosato, V.
AU - Negri, E.
AU - Bosetti, C.
AU - Malats, N.
AU - Gomez-Rubio, P.
AU - Consortium, P.
AU - Maisonneuve, P.
AU - Miller, A.B.
AU - Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B.
AU - Baghurst, P.A.
AU - Zatonski, W.
AU - Petersen, G.M.
AU - Scelo, G.
AU - Holcatova, I.
AU - Fabianova, E.
AU - Serraino, D.
AU - Olson, S.H.
AU - Vioque, J.
AU - Lagiou, P.
AU - Duell, E.J.
AU - Boffetta, P.
AU - La Vecchia, C.
JO - European Journal of Cancer Prevention: The Official Journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP)
PY - 2020
VL - 29
TODO - 5
SP - 408-415
PB - Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
SN - 0959-8278
TODO - 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000572
TODO - adult;  aged;  Article;  cancer diagnosis;  cancer risk;  case control study;  cholecystectomy;  comparative study;  controlled study;  disease association;  exocrine pancreas;  female;  gallbladder disease;  human;  major clinical study;  male;  medical history;  middle aged;  pancreas adenocarcinoma;  pancreas cancer;  priority journal;  sensitivity analysis;  adverse event;  cholecystectomy;  gallbladder disease;  international cooperation;  pancreas tumor;  pathology;  prognosis;  risk factor, Aged;  Case-Control Studies;  Cholecystectomy;  Female;  Gallbladder Diseases;  Humans;  International Agencies;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Pancreatic Neoplasms;  Prognosis;  Risk Factors
TODO - Background The association among gallbladder disease, cholecystectomy, and pancreatic cancer is unclear. Moreover, time interval between gallbladder disease or cholecystectomy and pancreatic cancer diagnosis is not considered in most previous studies. Aim To quantify the association among gallbladder disease, cholecystectomy, and pancreatic cancer, considering time since first diagnosis of gallbladder disease or cholecystectomy. Methods We used data from nine case-control studies within the Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium, including 5760 cases of adenocarcinoma of the exocrine pancreas and 8437 controls. We estimated pooled odds ratios and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals by estimating study-specific odds ratios through multivariable unconditional logistic regression models, and then pooling the obtained estimates using fixed-effects models. Results Compared with patients with no history of gallbladder disease, the pooled odds ratio of pancreatic cancer was 1.69 (95% confidence interval, 1.51-1.88) for patients reporting a history of gallbladder disease. The odds ratio was 4.90 (95% confidence interval, 3.45-6.97) for gallbladder disease diagnosed <2 years before pancreatic cancer diagnosis and 1.11 (95% confidence interval, 0.96-1.29) when ≥2 years elapsed. The pooled odds ratio was 1.64 (95% confidence interval, 1.43-1.89) for patients who underwent cholecystectomy, as compared to those without cholecystectomy. The odds ratio was 7.00 (95% confidence interval, 4.13-11.86) for a surgery <2 years before pancreatic cancer diagnosis and 1.28 (95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.53) for a surgery ≥2 years before. Conclusions There appears to be no long-term effect of gallbladder disease on pancreatic cancer risk, and at most a modest one for cholecystectomy. The strong short-term association can be explained by diagnostic bias and reverse causation. © 2020 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.
ER -