TY - JOUR
TI - Mitochondrial localization of glucocortocoid receptor in glial (Muller)
cells in the salamander retina
AU - Psarra, AMG
AU - Bochaton-Piallat, ML
AU - Gabbiani, G
AU - Sekeris, CE and
AU - Tsacopoulos, M
JO - Glia
PY - 2003
VL - 41
TODO - 1
SP - 38-49
PB - Wiley-Liss, Inc.
SN - 0894-1491, 1098-1136
TODO - 10.1002/glia.10130
TODO - glucocorticoid receptor; mitochondria; glutamine synthetase; retina;
confocal laser scanning microscopy; cellular imaging
TODO - Glucocorticoid hormones regulate the transcription of nuclear genes by
way of their receptors. In addition, these hormones modulate
mitochondrial gene transcription by mechanisms that remain poorly
understood. Using immunofluorescence labeling in isolated Muller and
photoreceptor cells and in intact salamander retina, we found that the
glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is localized in both cell types. Confocal
laser scanning microscopy and double staining with cytochrome oxidase
(COX) showed that GR is localized in the mitochondria of Muller cells,
but not in the mitochondria of photoreceptors. GR also colocalizes with
glutamine synthetase (GS) in the cytoplasm of Muller cells. GR is also
localized in the microvilli of the distal process of Muller cells and in
the synaptic terminal of photoreceptors. Pre-incubation of Muller cells
with 1 muM dexamethasone (DEX) for 7 h led to greater than 50%
inhibition of the glutamate-induced increase in mitochondrial NADH. This
late effect of glucocorticoids on glutamate metabolism could be
ascribed, in part, to a direct action of steroid hormones on
mitochondrial. metabolism. (C) 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
ER -