TY - JOUR
TI - Visfatin (Nampt) and ghrelin as novel markers of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes
AU - Kadoglou, N.P.E.
AU - Sailer, N.
AU - Moumtzouoglou, A.
AU - Kapelouzou, A.
AU - Tsanikidis, H.
AU - Vitta, I.
AU - Karkos, C.
AU - Karayannacos, P.E.
AU - Gerasimidis, T.
AU - Liapis, C.D.
JO - Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes
PY - 2010
VL - 118
TODO - 2
SP - 75-80
PB - 
SN - null
TODO - 10.1055/s-0029-1237360
TODO - antihypertensive agent;  biological marker;  C reactive protein;  fibrinogen;  ghrelin;  glucose;  low density lipoprotein cholesterol;  nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase;  triacylglycerol, adult;  aged;  anthropometric parameters;  arterial wall thickness;  article;  atherosclerosis;  blood pressure;  blood sampling;  body mass;  carotid artery;  cholesterol blood level;  controlled study;  diabetic patient;  disease association;  female;  glucose blood level;  human;  hypertension;  insulin resistance;  leukocyte count;  major clinical study;  male;  non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus;  obesity;  priority journal;  protein blood level;  triacylglycerol blood level;  ultrasound;  waist hip ratio, Aged;  Analysis of Variance;  Atherosclerosis;  Biological Markers;  Blood Glucose;  Blood Pressure;  Body Mass Index;  C-Reactive Protein;  Carotid Arteries;  Carotid Artery Diseases;  Cross-Sectional Studies;  Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2;  Down-Regulation;  Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay;  Female;  Ghrelin;  Humans;  Insulin Resistance;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase;  Statistics, Nonparametric;  Tunica Intima
TODO - Objective: Visfatin (nampt) and ghrelin are the most recently identified adipocytokines, but their role in atherosclerosis is poorly clarified. In our study we investigated their association with advanced carotid atherosclerosis and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: 122 patients (50 males) with T2DM, aged 5570 were enrolled. Sixty-four age- and sex-matched healthy individuals served as controls (group A). CIMT was assayed in all participants by ultrasound. Among diabetic patients, 47 appeared with carotid plaques (group B), while 75 without plaques (group C). Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, glycemic and lipid profile, high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fibrinogen, nampt and ghrelin were measured. Results: Diabetic patients had a higher mean-CIMT, increased body-mass index, worse lipid profile, elevated blood pressure and higher levels of white blood cells count, nampt and hsCRP with respect to controls (p<0.01). Among diabetic patients, groups B and C were comparable in anthropometric, glycemic and lipid parameters. Serum nampt was significantly higher in group B rather than in groups A and C (p<0.05). On the other hand, ghrelin levels were considerably lower only in diabetic patients with carotid atherosclerosis compared with healthy individuals. In univariate analysis, mean-CIMT correlated with age (r=0.312; p=0.003), nampt (r=0.341; p<0.001) and ghrelin (r=0.421; p=0.002) and the latter associations remained significant in multiple regression analysis. Conclusions: High nampt and low ghrelin serum levels are significantly associated with advanced carotid atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM. Moreover these adipocytokines are independently associated with CIMT, implicating their role as novel atherosclerotic biomarkers and providing another important link between adiposity and atherosclerosis. © J. A. Barth Verlag in Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart - New York.
ER -