TY - JOUR
TI - Effect of luteal-phase support on endometrial L-selectin ligand expression after recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone and ganirelix acetate for in vitro fertilization
AU - Vlahos, N.F.
AU - Lipari, C.W.
AU - Bankowski, B.
AU - Lai, T.-H.
AU - King, J.A.
AU - Shih, I.-M.
AU - Fragakis, K.
AU - Zhao, Y.
JO - JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
PY - 2006
VL - 91
TODO - 10
SP - 4043-4049
PB - Japan Endocrine Society
SN - 0021-972X
TODO - 10.1210/jc.2006-0520
TODO - estradiol;  ganirelix;  L selectin;  progesterone;  recombinant follitropin;  sex hormone, article;  controlled study;  corpus luteum;  donor;  fertilization in vitro;  gene expression;  human;  immunohistochemistry;  luteal phase;  priority journal;  staining
TODO - Context: The impact of different types of luteal phase support on endometrial receptivity after ovarian stimulation has not been investigated. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the impact of different luteal-phase support protocols on sex steroid levels and on endometrial expression of L-selectin ligand after ovarian hyperstimulation with a GnRH antagonist protocol. Patients and Design: Seventeen oocyte donors who underwent ovarian stimulation with a recombinant FSH/ganirelix acetate protocol were randomized into three groups: group I had no luteal-phase support; group II had luteal support with micronized progesterone; and group III had luteal support with progesterone plus 17β-estradiol. All donors had endometrial biopsies on the day of retrieval, and then 3, 5, and 10 d after retrieval. In addition, they had serum estradiol and progesterone measurements on d 3, 5, and 10. Main Outcome Measures: Endometrial L-selectin ligand expression was detected by immunohistochemical staining in the luminal and glandular epithelium. A histological score was used for the quantification of the immunostaining. Sex steroid levels were measured during the luteal phase. Results: By d 10 after retrieval, there was a significant decrease in mean progesterone levels in group I compared with the other two groups that may reflect the expected demise of the corpus luteum. There was also a significant increase in the presence of L-selectin ligands in the luminal epithelium in group III. Conclusions: During controlled ovarian stimulation with a GnRH antagonist protocol, luteal-phase support with micronized progesterone and 17β-estradiol seem to increase endometrial L-selectin ligand expression in the luminal endothelium. Copyright © 2006 by The Endocrine Society.
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