TY - JOUR
TI - Spatial relationships among hemodynamic, anatomic, and biochemical plaque characteristics in patients with coronary artery disease
AU - Varshney, A.S.
AU - Coskun, A.U.
AU - Siasos, G.
AU - Maynard, C.C.
AU - Pu, Z.
AU - Croce, K.J.
AU - Cefalo, N.V.
AU - Cormier, M.A.
AU - Fotiadis, D.
AU - Stefanou, K.
AU - Papafaklis, M.I.
AU - Michalis, L.
AU - VanOosterhout, S.
AU - Mulder, A.
AU - Madder, R.D.
AU - Stone, P.H.
JO - Atherosclerosis
PY - 2021
VL - 320
TODO - null
SP - 98-104
PB - Elsevier Ireland Ltd
SN - 0021-9150
TODO - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.12.018
TODO - adult;  Article;  cardiovascular disease assessment;  cardiovascular system examination;  clinical feature;  cohort analysis;  computational fluid dynamics;  coronary angiography;  coronary artery disease;  endothelial shear stress;  female;  hemodynamics;  high risk patient;  human;  intravascular ultrasound;  lipid core burden index;  low risk patient;  major clinical study;  male;  middle aged;  minimal luminal area;  near infrared spectroscopy;  observational study;  plaque burden;  priority journal;  prospective study;  shear stress;  three-dimensional imaging;  atherosclerotic plaque;  coronary blood vessel;  diagnostic imaging;  interventional ultrasonography, Coronary Angiography;  Coronary Artery Disease;  Coronary Vessels;  Hemodynamics;  Humans;  Plaque, Atherosclerotic;  Prospective Studies;  Ultrasonography, Interventional
TODO - Background and aims: We aimed to characterize the spatial proximity of plaque destabilizing features local endothelial shear stress (ESS), minimal luminal area (MLA), plaque burden (PB), and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) lipid signal in high- vs. low-risk plaques. Methods: Coronary arteries imaged with angiography and NIRS-intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) underwent 3D reconstruction and computational fluid dynamics calculations of local ESS. ESS, PB, MLA, and lipid core burden index (LCBI), for each 3-mm arterial segment were obtained in arteries with large lipid-rich plaque (LRP) vs. arteries with smaller LRP. The locations of the MLA, minimum ESS (minESS), maximum ESS (maxESS), maximum PB (maxPB), and maximum LCBI in a 4-mm segment (maxLCBI4mm) were determined along the length of each plaque. Results: The spatial distributions of minESS, maxESS, maxPB, and maxLCBI4mm, in reference to the MLA, were significantly heterogeneous within and between each variable. The location of maxLCBI4mm was spatially discordant from sites of the MLA (p<0.0001), minESS (p = 0.003), and maxESS (p = 0.003) in arteries with large LRP (maxLCBI4mm ≥ 400) and non-large LRP. Large LRP arteries had higher maxESS (9.31 ± 4.78 vs. 6.32 ± 5.54 Pa; p = 0.023), lower minESS (0.41 ± 0.16 vs. 0.61 ± 0.26 Pa; p = 0.007), smaller MLA (3.54 ± 1.22 vs. 5.14 ± 2.65 mm2; p = 0.002), and larger maxPB (70.64 ± 9.95% vs. 56.70 ± 13.34%, p<0.001) compared with non-large LRP arteries. Conclusions: There is significant spatial heterogeneity of destabilizing plaque features along the course of both large and non-large LRPs. Large LRPs exhibit significantly more abnormal destabilizing plaque features than non-large LRPs. Prospective, longitudinal studies are required to determine which patterns of heterogeneous destabilizing features act synergistically to cause plaque destabilization. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
ER -