TY - JOUR TI - Opinion: Redefining the role of the physician in laboratory medicine in the context of emerging technologies, personalised medicine and patient autonomy (a € 4P medicine') AU - Orth, M. AU - Averina, M. AU - Chatzipanagiotou, S. AU - Faure, G. AU - Haushofer, A. AU - Kusec, V. AU - Machado, A. AU - Misbah, S.A. AU - Oosterhuis, W. AU - Pulkki, K. AU - Twomey, P.J. AU - Wieland, E. JO - Journal of Clinical Pathology PY - 2019 VL - 72 TODO - 3 SP - 191-197 PB - BMJ Publishing Group SN - 0021-9746, 1472-4146 TODO - 10.1136/jclinpath-2017-204734 TODO - adult; article; human; medical education; patient autonomy; personalized medicine; physician; prevention; welfare; legislation and jurisprudence; pathology; personal autonomy; standards, Humans; Pathology, Clinical; Personal Autonomy; Physicians; Precision Medicine TODO - The role of clinical pathologists or laboratory-based physicians is being challenged on several fronts - exponential advances in technology, increasing patient autonomy exercised in the right to directly request tests and the use of non-medical specialists as substitutes. In response, clinical pathologists have focused their energies on the pre-analytical and postanalytical phases of Laboratory Medicine thus emphasising their essential role in individualised medical interpretation of complex laboratory results. Across the European Union, the role of medical doctors is enshrined in the Medical Act. This paper highlights the relevance of this act to patient welfare and the need to strengthen training programmes to prevent an erosion in the quality of Laboratory Medicine provided to patients and their physicians. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2019. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. ER -