TY - JOUR
TI - The clinical relevance and management of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and related disorders: Recommendations from the European Myeloma Network
AU - van de Donk, N.W.C.J.
AU - Palumbo, A.
AU - Johnsen, H.E.
AU - Engelhardt, M.
AU - Gay, F.
AU - Gregersen, H.
AU - Hajek, R.
AU - Kleber, M.
AU - Ludwig, H.
AU - Morgan, G.
AU - Musto, P.
AU - Plesner, T.
AU - Sezer, O.
AU - Terpos, E.
AU - Waage, A.
AU - Zweegman, S.
AU - Einsele, H.
AU - Sonneveld, P.
AU - Lokhorst, H.M.
JO - Haematologica-the hematology journal
PY - 2014
VL - 99
TODO - 6
SP - 984-996
PB - Ferrata Storti Foundation
SN - null
TODO - 10.3324/haematol.2013.100552
TODO - autoantibody;  bisphosphonic acid derivative;  calcium;  cryoglobulin;  immunoglobulin heavy chain;  immunoglobulin light chain;  M protein;  vitamin D, amyloidosis;  artery thrombosis;  article;  autoimmune hemolytic anemia;  B cell lymphoma;  bone density;  bone marrow;  chronic lymphatic leukemia;  clinical feature;  disease course;  dual energy X ray absorptiometry;  follow up;  fracture;  human;  idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura;  infection;  kidney disease;  malignant transformation;  metabolic disorder;  microenvironment;  monoclonal immunoglobulinemia;  multiple myeloma;  multiple organ failure;  osteoporosis;  POEMS syndrome;  practice guideline;  predictive value;  prognosis;  protein electrophoresis;  radiography;  Schnitzler syndrome;  vein thrombosis;  venous thromboembolism;  Waldenstroem macroglobulinemia;  xanthoma;  cell transformation;  complication;  differential diagnosis;  disease management;  Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance;  precancer;  watchful waiting, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic;  Diagnosis, Differential;  Disease Management;  Disease Progression;  Humans;  Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance;  Precancerous Conditions;  Prognosis;  Watchful Waiting
TODO - Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is one of the most common pre-malignant disorders. IgG and IgA monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance are precursor conditions of multiple myeloma; lightchain monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance of light-chain multiple myeloma; and IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and other lymphoproliferative disorders. Clonal burden, as determined by bone marrow plasma cell percentage or M-protein level, as well as biological characteristics, including heavy chain isotype and light chain production, are helpful in predicting risk of progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to symptomatic disease. Furthermore, alterations in the bone marrow microenvironment of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance patients result in an increased risk of venous and arterial thrombosis, infections, osteoporosis, and bone fractures. In addition, the small clone may occasionally be responsible for severe organ damage through the production of a monoclonal protein that has autoantibody activity or deposits in tissues. These disorders are rare and often require therapy directed at eradication of the underlying plasma cell or lymphoplasmacytic clone. In this review, we provide an overview of the clinical relevance of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. We also give general recommendations of how to diagnose and manage patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. © 2014 Ferrata Storti Foundation.
ER -