TY - JOUR
TI - Reduction techniques for difficult subtrochanteric fractures
AU - Kokkalis, Z.T.
AU - Mavrogenis, A.F.
AU - Ntourantonis, D.I.
AU - Igoumenou, V.G.
AU - Antoniadou, T.
AU - Karamanis, R.
AU - Megaloikonomos, P.D.
AU - Panagopoulos, G.N.
AU - Giannoulis, D.
AU - Souliotis, E.
AU - Saranteas, T.
AU - Papagelopoulos, P.J.
AU - Panagiotopoulos, E.
JO - EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND TRAUMATOLOGY
PY - 2019
VL - 29
TODO - 1
SP - 197-204
PB - Springer-Verlag France
SN - null
TODO - 10.1007/s00590-018-2239-2
TODO - anesthesia induction;  Article;  closed reduction (procedure);  femur subtrochanteric fracture;  fluoroscopy;  fracture reduction;  human;  intramedullary nailing;  minimally invasive surgery;  open reduction (procedure);  outcome assessment;  patient positioning;  priority journal;  treatment outcome;  anesthesia;  closed fracture reduction;  hip fracture;  open fracture reduction;  procedures, Anesthesia;  Closed Fracture Reduction;  Hip Fractures;  Humans;  Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures;  Open Fracture Reduction;  Patient Positioning
TODO - Subtrochanteric fractures can result from high-energy trauma in young patients or from a fall or minor trauma in the elderly. Intramedullary nails are currently the most commonly used implants for the stabilization of these fractures. However, the anesthetic procedure for the patients, the surgical reduction and osteosynthesis for the fractures are challenging. The anesthetic management of orthopedic trauma patients should be based upon various parameters that must be evaluated before the implementation of any anesthetic technique. Surgery- and patient-related characteristics and possible comorbidities must be considered during the pre-anesthetic evaluation. Adequate fracture reduction and proper nail entry point are critical. Understanding of the deforming forces acting on various fracture patterns and knowledge of surgical reduction techniques are essential in obtaining successful outcomes. This article discusses the intraoperative reduction techniques for subtrochanteric fractures in adults and summarizes tips and tricks that the readers may find useful and educative. © 2018, Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature.
ER -