TY - JOUR
TI - A complete corticotropin releasing factor system localized in human fetal lung
AU - Chouridou, E.
AU - Lambropoulou, M.
AU - Koureta, M.
AU - Balgouranidou, I.
AU - Nena, E.
AU - Simopoulou, M.
AU - Papadopoulos, N.
AU - Kortsaris, A.
AU - Chatzaki, E.
JO - Vitamins and Hormones
PY - 2014
VL - 13
TODO - 2
SP - 229-243
PB - Hellenic Endocrine Society
SN - null
TODO - 10.1007/bf03401337
TODO - antigen;  corticotropin releasing factor;  corticotropin releasing factor binding protein;  corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1;  corticotropin releasing factor receptor 2;  neuropeptide;  unclassified drug;  urocortin I;  urocortin II;  urocortin III;  carrier protein;  corticotropin releasing factor;  corticotropin releasing factor receptor;  corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1;  corticotropin releasing factor receptor 2;  corticotropin releasing factor-binding protein;  UCN2 protein, human;  UCN3 protein, human;  urocortin, article;  atelectasis;  bronchus;  central nervous system malformation;  clinical article;  congenital heart malformation;  controlled study;  correlation analysis;  developmental stage;  Down syndrome;  Edwards syndrome;  face malformation;  female;  fetus;  fetus lung;  histology;  human;  human cell;  human tissue;  immunohistochemistry;  immunoreactivity;  kidney malformation;  lung alveolus;  lung alveolus epithelium;  lung hypoplasia;  male;  mesenchyme cell;  protein localization;  skeleton malformation;  skull malformation;  case control study;  chromosome aberration;  embryology;  genetics;  gestational age;  lung;  metabolism;  respiratory tract malformation;  signal transduction, Carrier Proteins;  Case-Control Studies;  Chromosome Aberrations;  Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone;  Female;  Gestational Age;  Humans;  Immunohistochemistry;  Lung;  Male;  Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone;  Respiratory System Abnormalities;  Signal Transduction;  Urocortins
TODO - Objective: The Corticotropin Releasing Factor (CRF) system (neuropeptides CRF, Ucn I, II, III and binding sites CRFR1, CRFR2, CRF-BP) is responsible for stress regulation and the homeostasis of an organism. Herein we study the CRF system in human normal and pathological fetal lungs. Design: Lung tissues from 46 archival human fetuses were divided into Group A (normal), Group B (chromosomal abnormalities) and Group C (congenital disorders). Presence of elements of the CRF system was evaluated using immunohistochemistry and was correlated to pathology, lung developmental stage and clinicopathological characteristics. Resu Lts: Immunoreactivity for all antigens was found in both epithelial and mesenchymal lung cells of the bronchi and alveoli. Ucn I and CRFR1 were more frequently present in Group A. Ucns were more frequently localized at the pseudoglandular stage. There was a positive correlation between the presence of the CRF neuropeptides and between CRFR1 and CRF. Two fetuses with lung malformations showed low or no detectable presence of the CRF system. Conclusions: We report the presence of a complete CRF system in human fetal lungs correlating its developmental stage and several pathologies. Our results are in agreement with findings in experimental animal models, implicating the CRF system in fetal lung development, its action being more significant in the early stages.
ER -