TY - JOUR
TI - Continuation of smoking after treatment of laryngeal cancer: An independent prognostic factor?
AU - Kikidis, D.
AU - Vlastarakos, P.V.
AU - Manolopoulos, L.
AU - Yiotakis, I.
JO - ORL
PY - 2013
VL - 74
TODO - 5
SP - 250-254
PB - 
SN - 0301-1569, 1423-0275
TODO - 10.1159/000342685
TODO - adult;  aged;  article;  cancer prognosis;  cancer recurrence;  cancer staging;  controlled study;  death;  female;  follow up;  human;  laryngectomy;  larynx cancer;  major clinical study;  male;  overall survival;  priority journal;  prospective study;  smoking;  smoking cessation;  survival rate, Adult;  Aged;  Carcinoma;  Female;  Follow-Up Studies;  Humans;  Laryngeal Neoplasms;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Neoplasm Recurrence, Local;  Prognosis;  Prospective Studies;  Risk Factors;  Smoking;  Smoking Cessation;  Survival Rate
TODO - Aim: The aim of the study is to examine if continuation of smoking after treatment is an independent factor affecting the prognosis of laryngeal cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 153 patients met the inclusion criteria for this prospective study, and they were followed up for 12-60 months. Smoking cessation/continuation rates were recorded and associated with disease recurrence and overall patient survival. Results: The recurrence rate was 35.29%. Twenty-five percent of the patients continued smoking after treatment, 75% stopped. Of the patients who quit smoking, 28.69% died during the follow-up period, compared to 52.63% of those who continued (p = 0.0047). The respective recurrence rates were 28.7 and 55.26% (p = 0.0022). A stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis eliminated potential confounders regarding the overall survival rate and confirmed that time between symptom onset and diagnosis, T and N stage and continuation of smoking after treatment are statistically significant factors. Among them, continuation of smoking was found to have the strongest correlation to the overall survival rate. Conclusion: Continuation of smoking after treatment of laryngeal cancer is an independent negative prognostic factor. From a clinical standpoint, all patients with known laryngeal cancer should be strongly encouraged to quit smoking. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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