TY - JOUR
TI - Fruit and vegetable consumption and pancreatic cancer risk in the
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
AU - Vrieling, Alina
AU - Verhage, Bas A. J.
AU - van Duijnhoven, Franzel J. B.
AU - and Jenab, Mazda
AU - Overvad, Kim
AU - Tjonneland, Anne
AU - Olsen, Anja
AU - and Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
AU - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine and
AU - Kaaks, Rudolf
AU - Rohrmann, Sabine
AU - Boeing, Heiner
AU - Noethlings,
AU - Ute
AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia
AU - John, Tountas
AU - Dimosthenes, Zilis
AU - and Palli, Domenico
AU - Sieri, Sabina
AU - Mattielllo, Amalia
AU - Tumino,
AU - Rosario
AU - Vineis, Paolo
AU - van Gils, Carla H.
AU - Peeters, Petra H.
AU - M.
AU - Engeset, Dagrun
AU - Lund, Eiliv
AU - Rodriguez Suarez, Laudina and
AU - Jakszyn, Paula
AU - Larranaga, Nerea
AU - Sanchez, Maria-Jose and
AU - Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores
AU - Ardana, Eva
AU - Manjer, Jonas and
AU - Lindkvist, Bjoern
AU - Hallmans, Goeran
AU - Ye, Weimin
AU - Bingham,
AU - Sheila
AU - Khaw, Kay-Tee
AU - Roddam, Andrew
AU - Key, Tim
AU - Boffetta,
AU - Paolo
AU - Duell, Eric J.
AU - Michaud, Dominique S.
AU - Riboli, Elio and
AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas
JO - International Journal  of Cancer
PY - 2009
VL - 124
TODO - 8
SP - 1926-1934
PB - Wiley
SN - 0020-7136
TODO - 10.1002/ijc.24134
TODO - pancreatic cancer; fruit; vegetables; cohort study; EPIC
TODO - Many case-control studies have suggested that higher consumption of
fruit and vegetables is associated with a lower risk or pancreatic
cancer, whereas cohort studies do not support such an association. We
examined the associations of the consumption of. fruits and vegetables
and their main subgroups with pancreatic cancer risk within the European
Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). EPIC is
comprised of over 520,000 Subjects recruited from 10 European countries.
The present study included 555 exocrine pancreatic cancer cases after an
average follow-up of 8.9 years. Estimates of risk were obtained by Cox
proportional hazard models, stratified by age at recruitment, gender,
and study center. and adjusted for total energy intake, weight, height,
history of diabetes mellitus, and smoking status. Total consumption of
fruit and vegetables, combined or separately, as well as subgroups of
vegetables and fruits were unrelated to risk of pancreatic cancer.
Hazard ratios (95% CI) for the highest versus the lowest quartile were
0.92 (0.68-1.25) for total fruit and vegetables combined, 0.99
(0.73-1.33) for total vegetables, and 1.02 (0.77-1.36) for total fruits.
Stratification by gender or smoking status, restriction to
microscopically verified cases, and exclusion of the first 2 years of
follow-up (lid not materially change the results. These results from a
large European prospective cohort Suggest that higher consumption of
fruit and vegetables is not associated with decreased risk of pancreatic
cancer. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
ER -