TY - JOUR
TI - Increased co-morbidity of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder
symptoms and common risk factors in intensive care unit survivors: A
two-year follow-up study
AU - Paparrigopoulos, Thomas
AU - Melissaki, Antigone
AU - Tzavellas, Elias and
AU - Karaiskos, Dimitris
AU - Ilias, Ioannis
AU - Kokras, Nikolaos
JO - International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice
PY - 2014
VL - 18
TODO - 1
SP - 25-31
PB - TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON
SN - 1365-1501, 1471-1788
TODO - 10.3109/13651501.2013.855793
TODO - ICU; depression; PTSD; psychological; co-morbidity; risk factors
TODO - Objective. To investigate the long-term psychological impact of
intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization, as well as to establish risk
factors which successfully discriminate patients at higher risk.
Methods. The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form Survey (SF-36), the
Center for Epidemiologic Studies for Depression (CES-D), and the
Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) questionnaires were obtained from 48 ICU
survivors who were also interviewed and self-reported on several
acknowledged risk factors. Results. A high co-morbidity between
depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) cases was observed.
Both CES-D and DTS scores correlated negatively with the SF-36 mental
health subscale scores; although a causative relation cannot be
attributed to this finding, it indicates a potential negative impact of
depression and PTSD symptoms on the patients’ quality of life even at
18- to 24-month post-ICU. The most important risk factor associated with
a long-term impact on quality of life, depression and PTSD was lifetime
history of any psychiatric disorder. Conclusions. During ICU admissions
efforts should be made towards identifying and psychologically
supporting those patients with a previous history of a psychiatric
disease, as they are at considerably higher risk of suffering from the
long-term psychological sequelae of ICU admission.
ER -