TY - JOUR
TI - Plasma and dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E and risk of colon
and rectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer
and Nutrition
AU - Leenders, Max
AU - Leufkens, Anke M.
AU - Siersema, Peter D.
AU - van
AU - Duijnhoven, Franzel J. B.
AU - Vrieling, Alina
AU - Hulshof, Paul J. M.
AU - and van Gils, Carla H.
AU - Overvad, Kim
AU - Roswall, Nina
AU - Kyro,
AU - Cecilie
AU - Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
AU - Fagerhazzi, Guy and
AU - Cadeau, Claire
AU - Kuehn, Tilman
AU - Johnson, Theron
AU - Boeing, Heiner
AU - and Aleksandrova, Krasimira
AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia
AU - Klinaki, Eleni
AU - and Androulidaki, Anna
AU - Palli, Domenico
AU - Grioni, Sara and
AU - Sacerdote, Carlotta
AU - Tumino, Rosario
AU - Panico, Salvatore and
AU - Bakker, Marije F.
AU - Skeie, Guri
AU - Weiderpass, Elisabete
AU - Jakszyn,
AU - Paula
AU - Barricarte, Aurelio
AU - Maria Huerta, Jose
AU - Molina-Montes,
AU - Esther
AU - Argueelles, Marcial
AU - Johansson, Ingegerd
AU - Ljuslinder,
AU - Ingrid
AU - Key, Timothy J.
AU - Bradbury, Kathryn E.
AU - Khaw, Kay-Tee
AU - and Wareham, Nicholas J.
AU - Ferrari, Pietro
AU - Duarte-Salles, Talita
AU - and Jenab, Mazda
AU - Gunter, Marc J.
AU - Vergnaud, Anne-Claire
AU - Wark,
AU - Petra A.
AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as)
JO - International Journal  of Cancer
PY - 2014
VL - 135
TODO - 12
SP - 2930-2939
PB - Wiley
SN - 0020-7136
TODO - 10.1002/ijc.28938
TODO - carotenoids; vitamins; antioxidants; colorectal cancer; fruits and
vegetables
TODO - Carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E are possibly associated with a
reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk through antioxidative properties.
The association of prediagnostic plasma concentrations and dietary
consumption of carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E with the risk of
colon and rectal cancer was examined in this case-control study, nested
within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
study. Plasma concentrations of carotenoids (alpha- and beta-carotene,
canthaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene, zeaxanthin) and
vitamins A (retinol), C and E (alpha-, beta- and gamma-and
delta-tocopherol) and dietary consumption of beta-carotene and vitamins
A, C and E were determined in 898 colon cancer cases, 501 rectal cancer
cases and 1,399 matched controls. Multivariable conditional logistic
regression models were performed to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR)
and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). An association was
observed between higher prediagnostic plasma retinol concentration and a
lower risk of colon cancer (IRR for highest quartile = 0.63, 95% CI:
0.46, 0.87, p for trend = 0.01), most notably proximal colon cancer (IRR
for highest quartile = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.77, p for trend = 0.01).
Additionally, inverse associations for dietary beta-carotene and dietary
vitamins C and E with (distal) colon cancer were observed. Although
other associations were suggested, there seems little evidence for a
role of these selected compounds in preventing CRC through their
antioxidative properties.
ER -