TY - JOUR
TI - Alcohol intake and breast cancer in the European prospective
investigation into cancer and nutrition
AU - Romieu, Isabelle
AU - Scoccianti, Chiara
AU - Chajes, Veronique
AU - de
AU - Batlle, Jordi
AU - Biessy, Carine
AU - Dossus, Laure
AU - Baglietto, Laura
AU - and Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
AU - Overvad, Kim
AU - Olsen, Anja and
AU - Tjonneland, Anne
AU - Kaaks, Rudolf
AU - Lukanova, Annekatrin
AU - Boeing,
AU - Heiner
AU - Trichopoulou, Antonia
AU - Lagiou, Pagona
AU - Trichopoulos,
AU - Dimitrios
AU - Palli, Domenico
AU - Sieri, Sabina
AU - Tumino, Rosario and
AU - Vineis, Paolo
AU - Panico, Salvatore
AU - Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as) and
AU - van Gils, Carla H.
AU - Peeters, Petra H.
AU - Lund, Eiliv
AU - Skeie, Guri
AU - and Weiderpass, Elisabete
AU - Quiros Garcia, Jose Ramon
AU - Chirlaque,
AU - Maria-Dolores
AU - Ardanaz, Eva
AU - Sanchez, Maria-Jose
AU - Duell, Eric
AU - J.
AU - Amiano, Pilar
AU - Borgquist, Signe
AU - Wirfalt, Elisabet and
AU - Hallmans, Goran
AU - Johansson, Ingegerd
AU - Nilsson, Lena Maria and
AU - Khaw, Kay-Tee
AU - Wareham, Nick
AU - Key, Timothy J.
AU - Travis, Ruth C.
AU - and Murphy, Neil
AU - Wark, Petra A.
AU - Ferrari, Pietro
AU - Riboli, Elio
JO - International Journal  of Cancer
PY - 2015
VL - 137
TODO - 8
SP - 1921-1930
PB - Wiley
SN - 0020-7136
TODO - 10.1002/ijc.29469
TODO - alcohol consumption; breast cancer; prospective study
TODO - Alcohol intake has been associated to breast cancer in pre and
postmenopausal women; however results are inconclusive regarding tumor
hormonal receptor status, and potential modifying factors like age at
start drinking. Therefore, we investigated the relation between alcohol
intake and the risk of breast cancer using prospective observational
data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and
Nutrition (EPIC). Up to 334,850 women, aged 35-70 years at baseline,
were recruited in ten European countries and followed up an average of
11 years. Alcohol intake at baseline and average lifetime alcohol intake
were calculated from country-specific dietary and lifestyle
questionnaires. The study outcomes were the Hazard ratios (HR) of
developing breast cancer according to hormonal receptor status. During
3,670,439 person-years, 11,576 incident breast cancer cases were
diagnosed. Alcohol intake was significantly related to breast cancer
risk, for each 10 g/day increase in alcohol intake the HR increased by
4.2% (95% CI: 2.7-5.8%). Taking 0 to 5 g/day as reference, alcohol
intake of >5 to 15 g/day was related to a 5.9% increase in breast
cancer risk (95% CI: 1-11%). Significant increasing trends were
observed between alcohol intake and ER+/PR+, ER-/PR-, HER2- and
ER-/PR-HER2- tumors. Breast cancer risk was stronger among women who
started drinking prior to first full-time pregnancy. Overall, our
results confirm the association between alcohol intake and both hormone
receptor positive and hormone receptor negative breast tumors,
suggesting that timing of exposure to alcohol drinking may affect the
risk. Therefore, women should be advised to control their alcohol
consumption.
What’s new? Although it is now established that alcohol consumption
increases breast cancer risk, many questions remain. Using a prospective
study design with 11,576 incident breast cancer cases across 10 European
countries, the authors confirmed the increased risk of alcohol on breast
cancer development. They further show that women who started drinking
before their first full-term pregnancy have a higher risk than women who
started afterwards. These effects were observed in hormone-receptor
positive and -negative tumors pointing to non-hormonal pathways that
need to be further investigated.
ER -