TY - JOUR TI - Predictors of response to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus peginterferon alfa-2a combination therapy for chronic hepatitis B AU - Marcellin, P. AU - Ahn, S. H. AU - Chuang, W. -L. AU - Hui, A. J. and AU - Tabak, F. AU - Mehta, R. AU - Petersen, J. AU - Lee, C. -M. AU - Ma, X. and AU - Caruntu, F. A. AU - Tak, W. Y. AU - Elkhashab, M. AU - Lin, L. AU - Wu, G. AU - and Martins, E. B. AU - Charuworn, P. AU - Yee, L. J. AU - Lim, S. G. and AU - Foster, G. R. AU - Fung, S. AU - Morano, L. AU - Samuel, D. AU - Agarwal, K. AU - and Idilman, R. AU - Strasser, S. I. AU - Buti, M. AU - Gaeta, G. B. and AU - Papatheodoridis, G. AU - Flisiak, R. AU - Chan, H. L. Y. JO - Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics PY - 2016 VL - 44 TODO - 9 SP - 957-966 PB - Wiley SN - 0269-2813, 1365-2036 TODO - 10.1111/apt.13779 TODO - null TODO - Background In patients with chronic hepatitis B, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) plus pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) for 48-weeks results in higher rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss than either monotherapy. Aim To identify baseline and on-treatment factors associated with HBsAg loss at Week 72 and provide a model for predicting HBsAg loss in patients receiving combination therapy for 48 weeks. Methods A secondary analysis of data from an open-label study where patients were randomised to TDF (300 mg/day, oral) plus PEG-IFN (PI, 180 mu g/week, subcutaneous) for 48 weeks (TDF/PI-48w); TDF plus PEG-IFN for 16 weeks, TDF for 32 weeks (TDF/PI-16w+TDF-32w); TDF for 120 weeks (TDF-120w) or PEG-IFN for 48 weeks (PI-48w). Logistic regression methods were used to identify models that best predicted HBsAg loss at Week 72. Results Rates of HBsAg loss at Week 72 were significantly higher in the TDF/PI-48w group (6.5%) than in the TDF/PI-16w+TDF-32w (0.5%), TDF-120w (0%) and PI-48w (2.2%) groups (P = 0.09). The only baseline factor associated with response was genotype A. HBsAg decline at Week 12 or 24 of treatment was associated with HBsAg loss at Week 72 (P < 0.001). HBsAg decline >3.5 log(10) IU/mL at Week 24 in the TDF/PI-48w group resulted in a positive predictive value of 85% and a negative predictive value of 99% for HBsAg loss at Week 72. Conclusions HBsAg decline at Week 24 of TDF plus PEG-IFN combination therapy may identify patients who, after completing 48 weeks of treatment, have a better chance of achieving HBsAg loss at Week 72. ER -